Garney Whitney, Wilson Kelly, Nelon Jordan, Muraleetharan Daenuka, McLeroy Kenneth, Baletka Dawn-Marie
1 Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Health Promot Pract. 2019 Jul;20(4):494-501. doi: 10.1177/1524839918815463. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Over the past 20 years, teenage birth rates in the United States have declined substantially but continue to persist among certain populations. During this time period, a series of rigorously tested teen pregnancy prevention (TPP) programs were developed, and a number of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) emerged. In April 2017, researchers reviewed EBIs in TPP and examined each program's socioecological levels of intervention, measurements approaches, and other ecological aspects. Findings indicate that the majority of TPP EBIs are aimed at the individual and/or interpersonal level of intervention. Furthermore, the programs were evaluated using the individual as the unit of analysis, regardless of what level the EBI targets. These findings represent serious gaps, specifically a lack of system-, environmental-, and policy-level EBIs. Future TP approaches should target multiple levels of social ecology, ensure measurements appropriately capture changes within these levels, and shift to a focus on a longer term population health improvement.
在过去20年里，美国青少年生育率大幅下降，但在某些人群中仍然居高不下。在此期间，一系列经过严格测试的青少年怀孕预防（TPP）项目得以开发，一些基于证据的干预措施（EBIs）也应运而生。2017年4月，研究人员回顾了TPP中的EBIs，并审视了每个项目的社会生态干预层面、测量方法以及其他生态方面。研究结果表明，大多数TPP EBIs旨在个体和/或人际干预层面。此外，这些项目是以个体作为分析单位进行评估的，而不论EBI的目标是哪个层面。这些研究结果存在严重差距，特别是缺乏系统、环境和政策层面的EBIs。未来的TP方法应针对社会生态的多个层面，确保测量能够恰当地反映这些层面内的变化，并转向关注长期的人群健康改善。
