Kim Hogil, Jang Tae-Won, Kim Hyoung-Ryoul, Lee Seyoung
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 2018 Nov;246(3):191-197. doi: 10.1620/tjem.246.191.
Many Korean bus drivers work long hours, which causes fatigue and increased risk of accidents during driving. Their fatigue due to long working hours may cause a significant accident accompanied by injuries of the general population. The present study aimed to evaluate the fatigue and accident risk in Korean commercial bus drivers. The subjects were 16 city and express bus drivers with various work schedules: 2 shifts (2 shifts in a day), WR (duty-off), W2R (duty-duty-off), and W4R2 (duty-duty-duty-duty-off-off). We measured the subjects' heart rate in their workplace during their work and calculated relative heart rate (RHR) and maximum acceptable work time (MAWT), the maximum amount of time for which workers can sustain their workload without physical fatigue. Fatigue and risk index, which is a tool for assessing the risk from fatigue in the safety critical workers, was calculated using the subjects' work schedule. RHR ranged from 9.7 to 21.8% and MAWT was shorter than each subject's actual work hours. Fatigue (45.2-54.4) and risk indices (1.8) were high in WR schedule, which were higher than recommended value (30-35 for fatigue index and < 1.6 for risk index). According to these findings, Korean bus drivers worked long hours beyond their physical abilities, and the fatigue and risk indices were high, especially in WR schedule. It is necessary to prepare the policies to reduce the fatigue and accident risk in the Korean bus drivers including regulation for bus drivers' driving time restriction.
许多韩国公交车司机工作时间很长，这会导致疲劳，并增加驾驶过程中发生事故的风险。他们因长时间工作而产生的疲劳可能会引发重大事故，并造成普通民众受伤。本研究旨在评估韩国商业公交车司机的疲劳程度和事故风险。研究对象为16名城市和快车公交车司机，他们有着不同的工作时间表：两班制（一天两班）、WR（休班）、W2R（连班-休班）和W4R2（连四班-休两班）。我们在工作场所测量了研究对象工作期间的心率，并计算了相对心率（RHR）和最大可接受工作时间（MAWT），即工人在不产生身体疲劳的情况下能够维持工作量的最长时间。使用研究对象的工作时间表计算了疲劳和风险指数，这是一种评估安全关键岗位工人疲劳风险的工具。RHR范围为9.7%至21.8%，MAWT短于每个研究对象的实际工作时间。WR工作时间表的疲劳程度（45.2 - 54.4）和风险指数（1.8）较高，高于推荐值（疲劳指数为30 - 35，风险指数<1.6）。根据这些研究结果，韩国公交车司机工作时间超出了他们的身体能力，疲劳和风险指数较高，尤其是在WR工作时间表中。有必要制定政策来降低韩国公交车司机的疲劳程度和事故风险，包括对公交车司机驾驶时间限制的规定。
