Halder R M, Bang K M
Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, D.C.
Dermatol Clin. 1988 Jul;6(3):397-405.
Skin cancer is rare in blacks compared with whites in the United States. The most common form is squamous-cell carcinoma, not basal-cell carcinoma, as it is in whites. Sunlight does not appear to be an important etiologic factor in skin cancer in blacks, as most lesions occur on covered areas. Malignant melanoma is low in frequency but commonly affects acral areas and has a poor prognosis. Mycosis fungoides and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans appear to have a high frequency among skin cancers. Squamous-cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and mycosis fungoides have a relatively high mortality rate in blacks. Bowen's disease and Kaposi's sarcoma occur in blacks but are rare. As there is a high frequency of squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin in blacks, prevention and early detection should benefit the patient. Considering the difficulties encountered in applying epidemiologic methods to skin cancer on a national scale, etiologic studies should be conducted in carefully selected areas. Future investigations of skin cancer in blacks should include an examination of risk factors such as burns, trauma, and diet and familial and immunologic aspects as well.
与美国白人相比，皮肤癌在黑人中较为罕见。最常见的类型是鳞状细胞癌，而非白人中的基底细胞癌。由于大多数病变发生在遮盖部位，阳光似乎并非黑人皮肤癌的重要病因。恶性黑色素瘤发病率较低，但通常累及手足部位，预后较差。蕈样肉芽肿和隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤在皮肤癌中似乎发病率较高。鳞状细胞癌、恶性黑色素瘤和蕈样肉芽肿在黑人中的死亡率相对较高。鲍温病和卡波西肉瘤在黑人中也有发生，但较为罕见。鉴于黑人皮肤鳞状细胞癌发病率较高，预防和早期检测应会使患者受益。考虑到在全国范围内对皮肤癌应用流行病学方法存在困难，应在精心挑选的地区开展病因学研究。未来对黑人皮肤癌的调查应包括对烧伤、创伤、饮食等危险因素以及家族和免疫学方面的检查。
