Kelly A P
Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California.
Dermatol Clin. 1988 Jul;6(3):413-24.
Keloids are benign fibrous growths that result from an abnormal connective tissue response in certain predisposed individuals. Blacks form keloids more often than whites; however, the reason for this racial difference is not known. Trauma, foreign-body reactions, infections, and endocrine dysfunction have all been proposed as precipitating factors. Keloids are found most commonly on the ear lobes, shoulders, upper back, and midchest. They extend past the area of trauma and once present tend to remain stable. Although sometimes pruritic, painful, or tender, they are usually asymptomatic. Histologically, keloids are characterized by thick collagen bundles, abundant mucinous ground substance, few fibroblasts, and few if any foreign-body reactions. Although there have been many therapeutic modalities, most have had limited success. The most commonly used therapeutic approach is a combination of cryotherapy, intralesional steroid injections, surgical excision, and pressure devices.
瘢痕疙瘩是一种良性纤维性增生，由某些易感个体的异常结缔组织反应引起。黑人比白人更容易形成瘢痕疙瘩；然而，这种种族差异的原因尚不清楚。创伤、异物反应、感染和内分泌功能障碍都被认为是诱发因素。瘢痕疙瘩最常见于耳垂、肩部、上背部和胸部中部。它们会超出创伤区域，一旦出现往往保持稳定。虽然有时会瘙痒、疼痛或压痛，但通常没有症状。从组织学上看，瘢痕疙瘩的特征是胶原束增厚、大量黏液样基质、少量成纤维细胞以及几乎没有异物反应。尽管有许多治疗方法，但大多数效果有限。最常用的治疗方法是冷冻疗法、病灶内注射类固醇、手术切除和压力装置相结合。
