Duarte Belmiro P M, Wong Weng Kee
Centro de Investigação em Processos Químicos e Produtos da Floresta, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, R. Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ISEC, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, R. Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal.
Biometrics. 2019 Jun;75(2):572-581. doi: 10.1111/biom.13008. Epub 2019 Apr 1.
Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) plans are widely used for health monitoring purposes. We propose a systematic approach to design multiple-objective LQAS plans that meet user-specified type 1 and 2 error rates and targets for selected diagnostic accuracy metrics. These metrics may include sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value in high or low anticipated prevalence rate populations. We use Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) tools to implement our design methodology. Our approach is flexible in that it can directly generate classic LQAS plans that control error rates only and find optimal LQAS plans that meet multiple objectives in terms of diagnostic metrics. We give examples, compare results with the classic LQAS and provide an application using a malaria outcome indicator survey in Mozambique.
批质量保证抽样（LQAS）计划被广泛用于健康监测目的。我们提出了一种系统方法来设计多目标LQAS计划，该计划要满足用户指定的一类和二类错误率以及选定诊断准确性指标的目标。这些指标可能包括高或低预期患病率人群中的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。我们使用混合整数非线性规划（MINLP）工具来实施我们的设计方法。我们的方法具有灵活性，因为它可以直接生成仅控制错误率的经典LQAS计划，并找到在诊断指标方面满足多个目标的最优LQAS计划。我们给出示例，将结果与经典LQAS进行比较，并提供一个在莫桑比克使用疟疾结果指标调查的应用。
