Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Catalunya, Spain.
Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Curr Drug Targets. 2019;20(8):808-822. doi: 10.2174/1389450120666181129092144.
In this mini-review, we highlight the potential of the biopolymer bacterial cellulose to treat damaged epithelial tissues. Epithelial tissues are cell sheets that delimitate both the external body surfaces and the internal cavities and organs. Epithelia serve as physical protection to underlying organs, regulate the diffusion of molecules and ions, secrete substances and filtrate body fluids, among other vital functions. Because of their continuous exposure to environmental stressors, damage to epithelial tissues is highly prevalent. Here, we first compare the properties of bacterial cellulose to the current gold standard, collagen, and then we examine the use of bacterial cellulose patches to heal specific epithelial tissues; the outer skin, the ocular surface, the oral mucosa and other epithelial surfaces. Special emphasis is made on the dermis since, to date, this is the most widespread medical use of bacterial cellulose. It is important to note that some epithelial tissues represent only the outermost layer of more complex structures such as the skin or the cornea. In these situations, depending on the penetration of the lesion, bacterial cellulose might also be involved in the regeneration of, for instance, inner connective tissue.
在这篇迷你综述中，我们强调了生物聚合物细菌纤维素治疗受损上皮组织的潜力。上皮组织是界定身体外部表面和内部腔道和器官的细胞片层。上皮组织为下面的器官提供物理保护，调节分子和离子的扩散，分泌物质和过滤体液等重要功能。由于它们持续暴露于环境应激源，上皮组织损伤非常普遍。在这里，我们首先将细菌纤维素的特性与当前的金标准胶原进行比较，然后研究细菌纤维素贴片用于治疗特定上皮组织的用途；包括外皮肤、眼表面、口腔黏膜和其他上皮表面。特别强调真皮，因为迄今为止，这是细菌纤维素最广泛的医学用途。需要注意的是，一些上皮组织仅代表更复杂结构的最外层，如皮肤或角膜。在这些情况下，根据病变的穿透程度，细菌纤维素也可能参与例如内层结缔组织的再生。
