Swedish Biodiversity Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.
IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management, Gland, Switzerland.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2018 Sep;14(5):571-577. doi: 10.1002/ieam.4076.
This commentary discusses strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in the context of global environmental change and presents a brief overview of the science of social-ecological systems and the resilience thinking and practices that result from it. Resilience thinking and assessment have the potential to make a significant contribution to SEA, if SEA is applied (as intended) as a proactive tool for assessing development sustainability during the process of making plans, policies, and programs. So far, there is little indication that social-ecological system (SES) resilience ideas are being applied to SEA, and from a complex systems perspective, it seems that cognitive and social biases may be the primary barriers to both the improvement of SEA practice and the application of SES resilience science to SEA practice. Resilience thinking can be integrated into SEA, provided that leadership in the SEA community can create a social movement for change in practice and the policies that affect SEA procedures. Principles of complexity, uncertainty, self-organization, and cooperative problem solving may be the most important cognitive barriers to change and can be overcome through education and a learning-by-doing approach to the application of resilience assessment when appropriate in a SEA process. A deliberate change process can be undertaken in an action research approach that monitors and adapts the process according to the lessons learned in practice. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:571-577. © 2018 SETAC.
本评论讨论了战略环境评估（SEA）在全球环境变化背景下的情况，并简要概述了社会-生态系统科学以及由此产生的弹性思维和实践。如果 SEA 被用作在制定计划、政策和方案的过程中评估发展可持续性的主动工具（如其预期的那样），那么弹性思维和评估有可能对 SEA 做出重大贡献。到目前为止，几乎没有迹象表明社会-生态系统（SES）弹性思想正在应用于 SEA，从复杂系统的角度来看，似乎认知和社会偏见可能是改善 SEA 实践和将 SES 弹性科学应用于 SEA 实践的主要障碍。只要 SEA 界的领导层能够在实践和影响 SEA 程序的政策方面创造变革的社会运动，就可以将弹性思维纳入 SEA。复杂性、不确定性、自组织和合作解决问题的原则可能是变革的最重要认知障碍，可以通过教育和实践中应用弹性评估的边做边学方法来克服，在 SEA 过程中适当应用时。可以通过行动研究方法进行刻意的变革过程，根据实践中获得的经验监测和调整该过程。综合环境评估与管理 2018;14:571-577。©2018 SETAC。
