Private Dental Clinic, Shanghai, China.
University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Fitoterapia. 2019 Jan;132:30-39. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.11.012. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Plant-derived polyphenols with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory characteristics appear to provide a variety of oral health benefits. Thus, the aim of the present study was to review the scientific literature to identify these effects of polyphenols on periodontal pathogens and inflammation. A MEDLINE search from 1st January 2013 to 18th January 2018 was performed to identify studies reporting polyphenol-containing plant extracts. Reports regarding pure compounds and essential oils, as well as effects on bacteria that are not defined as periodontal pathogens, were excluded. Thirty-eight studies matched the selection criteria. Studies on immunomodulatory effects included in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies (n = 23), whereas studies reporting antibacterial effects against periodontal pathogens included only in vitro studies (n = 18). Three studies were included in both groups. The antibacterial effects were characterised by inhibition of bacterial growth, adhesion to oral cells, and enzymatic activity. Decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory and increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines were demonstrated. Higher attachment levels, lower inflammation, and bone loss were reported by in vivo studies. Due to the high heterogeneity, it is difficult to draw clear conclusions for applicability; nevertheless, polyphenols have great potential as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory substances in the treatment and prevention of periodontal disease.
具有抗菌和免疫调节特性的植物源性多酚似乎对口腔健康有多种益处。因此，本研究旨在综述科学文献，以确定多酚对牙周病原菌和炎症的这些作用。从 2013 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 1 月 18 日，对 MEDLINE 进行了检索，以确定报道含多酚植物提取物的研究报告。排除了关于纯化合物和精油的报告，以及对不属于牙周病原菌的细菌的影响的报告。有 38 项研究符合选择标准。关于免疫调节作用的研究包括体外、离体和体内研究（n=23），而报告针对牙周病原菌的抗菌作用的研究仅包括体外研究（n=18）。有 3 项研究同时包含在这两个组中。抗菌作用的特点是抑制细菌生长、黏附口腔细胞和酶活性。研究表明，促炎细胞因子的分泌减少，抗炎细胞因子的分泌增加。体内研究报告了更高的附着水平、更低的炎症和骨丢失。由于高度异质性，很难得出明确的适用性结论；然而，多酚作为治疗和预防牙周病的抗菌和免疫调节物质具有巨大的潜力。
