Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Andalusian Institute for Marine Science, ICMAN (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Andalusian Institute for Marine Science, ICMAN (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Mar 15;656:316-321. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.399. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
The Mediterranean region is, by far, the leading tourism destination in the world, receiving more than 330 million tourists in 2016. This tourism is undertaken mostly for seaside holidays, and during the summer season concentrates between 46% and 69% of the total international arrivals; this is equivalent to a density of 2.9 tourists per meter of Mediterranean coast, or double this number taking into account the local/permanent population in addition. Previous studies have reported not only the presence of sunscreen in the various environmental compartments (water, sediments and biota) of the Mediterranean Sea (MS) and other regions, but also show that sunscreen products are toxic for marine biota and are accumulated and biomagnificated. Here, we highlight that the environmental risk of these chemicals is likely to be exacerbated in the MS due to the massive influx of tourists and its densely populated coasts, the basin's limited exchanges with the ocean, the high residence time of surface waters, and its oligotrophic waters.
地中海地区是目前全球领先的旅游目的地，2016 年接待了超过 3.3 亿游客。这些游客大多是为了海滨度假，夏季旅游集中在国际游客总数的 46%至 69%之间；这相当于地中海海岸每米有 2.9 名游客，考虑到当地/常住居民的数量则是这个数字的两倍。之前的研究不仅报告了防晒霜在地中海（MS）和其他地区的各种环境介质（水、沉积物和生物群）中的存在，还表明防晒霜产品对海洋生物群有毒，并会被积累和生物放大。在这里，我们强调，由于大量游客涌入以及其人口稠密的海岸、该盆地与海洋的有限交换、地表水的高停留时间和贫营养水域，这些化学物质的环境风险可能在地中海地区加剧。
