Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung and Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Planckstraße 1, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Med Phys. 2019 Feb;46(2):e37-e52. doi: 10.1002/mp.13324. Epub 2018 Dec 31.
To define the physical parameters needed to characterize a particle beam in order to allow intercomparison of different experiments performed using different ions at the same facility and using the same ion at different facilities.
At the request of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), a special panel was convened to review the current status of the field and to provide suggested metrics for reporting the physical parameters of particle beams to be used for biological research. A set of physical parameters and measurements that should be performed by facilities and understood and reported by researchers supported by NCI to perform pre-clinical radiobiology and medical physics of heavy ions were generated.
Standard measures such as radiation delivery technique, beam modifiers used, nominal energy, field size, physical dose and dose rate should all be reported. However, more advanced physical measurements, including detailed characterization of beam quality by microdosimetric spectrum and fragmentation spectra, should also be established and reported. Details regarding how such data should be incorporated into Monte Carlo simulations and the proper reporting of simulation details are also discussed.
In order to allow for a clear relation of physical parameters to biological effects, facilities and researchers should establish and report detailed physical characteristics of the irradiation beams utilized including both standard and advanced measures. Biological researchers are encouraged to actively engage facility staff and physicists in the design and conduct of experiments. Modeling individual experimental setups will allow for the reporting of the uncertainties in the measurement or calculation of physical parameters which should be routinely reported.
定义描述粒子束所需的物理参数，以便能够比较在同一设施中使用不同离子进行的不同实验，以及在不同设施中使用相同离子进行的实验。
应美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）的要求，召集了一个特别小组，审查该领域的现状，并为报告用于生物学研究的粒子束的物理参数提供建议的指标。为了支持 NCI 资助的开展重离子临床前放射生物学和医学物理的研究人员，生成了一组物理参数和测量值，这些参数和测量值应该由设施执行，并由研究人员理解和报告。
应该报告标准的测量值，例如辐射输送技术、使用的束修正器、标称能量、射野大小、物理剂量和剂量率。但是，也应该建立和报告更先进的物理测量值，包括通过微剂量谱和碎裂谱对束质量的详细描述。还讨论了如何将此类数据纳入蒙特卡罗模拟以及正确报告模拟细节的问题。
为了能够清楚地将物理参数与生物学效应联系起来，设施和研究人员应建立并报告所使用的辐照束的详细物理特性，包括标准和先进的测量值。鼓励生物学研究人员积极与设施工作人员和物理学家合作，参与实验的设计和进行。对各个实验设置进行建模，将能够报告物理参数的测量或计算中的不确定性，这些不确定性应该定期报告。
