Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore.
Waste Manag. 2018 Dec;82:249-257. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.035. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
Environment-friendly and sustainable routes for municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration bottom ash (IBA) recycling and utilization is one of the major concerns for the urbanized countries like Singapore. In this research paper, the possibility of bulk utilization of MSW-IBA as a catalyst support material has been explored for sustainable syn-gas production. The change in the texture of the IBA with simple hydrothermal treatment using NaOH has also been investigated. Furthermore, with hydrothermal treatment for 24 h at 180 °C, the texture of raw IBA with respect to basicity, surface area, total pore volume and reducibility was greatly improved. These textural properties are highly significant for a material to be utilized as a catalyst or catalytic supports for reforming applications. Ni supported on hydrothermally treated IBA was tested for steam reforming of biomass tar reforming reaction between 700 °C and 800 °C at relatively low steam-to-carbon ratio of 2. Among all the catalysts, Ni supported on IBA hydrothermally treated for 24 h gave stable toluene conversion (of 40%) at 700 °C with reduced coke formation (of 7.5 mgC/g·h) than other catalysts. The superior catalytic performance of this catalyst is mainly due to the presence of high amounts of surface Ni° species and improved reducibility and basicity properties among all. The Raman, DT/TGA and XRD analyses on spent catalysts revealed the deposited carbon during steam reforming of tar reaction is majorly amorphous. Due to this, the deposition of carbon did not show any kind of deactivation within the catalyst testing period.
探索城市国家（如新加坡）对城市固体废物（MSW）焚烧底灰（IBA）的环保和可持续回收利用途径是当务之急。在本研究论文中，探索了将 MSW-IBA 大规模用作催化剂载体材料以生产可持续合成气的可能性。还研究了使用 NaOH 进行简单水热处理时 IBA 结构的变化。此外，在 180°C 下进行 24 小时水热处理后，原始 IBA 的碱性、表面积、总孔体积和还原性等结构特性得到了极大改善。这些结构特性对于将材料用作催化剂或催化载体应用于重整反应具有重要意义。在生物质焦油重整反应中，在相对较低的蒸汽碳比（2）下，在 700°C 至 800°C 之间测试了负载在经水热处理的 IBA 上的 Ni 催化剂。在所有催化剂中，经 24 小时水热处理的 Ni 负载在 IBA 上，在 700°C 下可稳定转化甲苯（转化率为 40%），并减少积碳（7.5 mgC/g·h）比其他催化剂。该催化剂具有优越的催化性能，主要是由于表面 Ni°物种含量高，且还原性和碱性得到改善。对失活催化剂的拉曼、DT/TGA 和 XRD 分析表明，在焦油重整的蒸汽重整过程中沉积的碳主要是无定形的。因此，在催化剂测试期间，碳的沉积没有导致任何类型的失活。
