Ullah Inam, Ali Muhammad U, Ali Saeed, Rafiq Ahmad, Sattar Zeeshan, Hussain Sana
Pathology, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, PAK.
General Surgery, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, GBR.
Cureus. 2018 Sep 27;10(9):e3376. doi: 10.7759/cureus.3376.
Malaria is a life-threatening infectious disease that, in severe cases, is associated with calamitous complications and far-reaching consequences within a community. It is usually manifested by abnormalities in various hematological indices with anemia and thrombocytopenia being the most frequent ones. The present study sheds light on the laboratory profile of patients suffering from malaria and provides a comprehensive analysis and correlation with the available literature worldwide. The study was carried out as a cross-sectional study at OK Diagnostic Lab and Research Center in Peshawar from October 2010 to October 2013. All malaria parasite (MP)-positive cases reported at OK Lab during the study period were employed in the study, making a total of 136 MP positive cases. Complete blood pictures with platelet counts were obtained in all patients and various hematological indices were analyzed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count of < 150 × 10/cmm and anemia as an hemoglobin (Hb) < 13 g/dL in males and < 12 g/dL in females. Among the 136 MP positive patients, 74 (55.4%) had associated thrombocytopenia while 105 (77.2%) patients showed anemia on a peripheral blood smear. This was followed by leukopenia in 8.8% of cases. Among patients with () infection, anemia was present in 80% of cases as compared to 74% cases with infection (p = 0.5). Thrombocytopenia was associated with infection in 71.4% of cases in contrast to P. falciparum infection, where 26% of cases had associated thrombocytopenia (p = 0.01). On the contrary, leukopenia was more prevalent in patients (18%), followed by (2.6%), and mixed parasitemia (11.1%) (p < 0.001). In addition, the study showed statistically significant variations in hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and platelet counts across different malarial species (p < 0.05). Likewise, variations within mean Hct levels among males and females were statistically significant, with females showing lower mean Hct levels than males (p < 0.05).
疟疾是一种危及生命的传染病，在严重情况下，会在社区内引发灾难性并发症并产生深远后果。它通常表现为各种血液学指标异常，贫血和血小板减少最为常见。本研究揭示了疟疾患者的实验室检查结果，并与全球现有文献进行了全面分析和关联。该研究于2010年10月至2013年10月在白沙瓦的OK诊断实验室和研究中心进行了横断面研究。研究期间在OK实验室报告的所有疟原虫（MP）阳性病例均纳入研究，共有136例MP阳性病例。所有患者均进行了全血细胞计数及血小板计数，并根据世界卫生组织（WHO）标准分析了各种血液学指标。血小板减少定义为血小板计数<150×10/cmm，贫血定义为男性血红蛋白（Hb）<13 g/dL，女性<12 g/dL。在136例MP阳性患者中，74例（55.4%）伴有血小板减少，105例（77.2%）在外周血涂片上显示贫血。其次，8.8%的病例出现白细胞减少。在（）感染患者中，80%的病例存在贫血，而（）感染患者中这一比例为74%（p = 0.5）。71.4%的病例中血小板减少与（）感染有关，而恶性疟原虫感染病例中，26%伴有血小板减少（p = 0.01）。相反，白细胞减少在（）患者中更为普遍（18%），其次是（）（2.6%）和混合寄生虫血症（11.1%）（p < 0.001）。此外，研究表明不同疟原虫种类的血细胞比容（Hct）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）和血小板计数存在统计学显著差异（p < 0.05）。同样，男性和女性的平均Hct水平差异具有统计学意义，女性的平均Hct水平低于男性（p < 0.05）。
