美国 18-79 岁成年劳动者按行业和职业划分的气流阻塞情况：NHANES（国家健康与营养调查）2007-2008 年至 2011-2012 年。
Airflow obstruction among ever-employed U.S. adults aged 18-79 years by industry and occupation: NHANES 2007-2008 to 2011-2012.
机构信息
Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia.
Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2019 Jan;62(1):30-42. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22930. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
INTRODUCTION
This study estimated the prevalence of spirometry-defined airflow obstruction by industry and occupation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among ever-employed U.S. adults.
METHODS
Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2008 to 2011-2012, a nationally representative study of the non-institutionalized civilian U.S.
POPULATION
Data on respondent's current and/or longest held job were used to create prevalence estimates and adjusted prevalence odds ratios (PORs) for airflow obstruction and COPD.
RESULTS
Among ever-employed U.S. adults, airflow obstruction prevalence was 12.40% and COPD was 3.47%. High airflow obstruction prevalence and significant PORs were reported in mining; manufacturing; construction; and services to buildings industries as well as extraction; bookbinders, prepress, and printing; installers and repairers; and construction occupations.
CONCLUSION
Prevalence of airflow obstruction varies by industry and occupation. Industries and occupations with increased risk were identified using the most current NHANES data including detailed occupations and spirometry.
简介
本研究通过行业和职业估计了美国曾就业成年人中肺量测定法定义的气流阻塞和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的流行率。
方法
数据来自于具有全国代表性的非住院美国平民的国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）2007-2008 年至 2011-2012 年。
人群
使用受访者当前和/或最长从事的工作数据来计算气流阻塞和 COPD 的流行率估计值和调整后的流行率比值比（POR）。
结果
在美国曾就业的成年人中，气流阻塞的流行率为 12.40%，COPD 为 3.47%。在采矿业；制造业；建筑业；以及为建筑物提供服务的行业；还有在开采；装订商、印前、印刷；安装和修理工；以及建筑职业中，气流阻塞的高流行率和显著的 POR 报告。
结论
气流阻塞的流行率因行业和职业而异。使用包括详细职业和肺量测定法的最新 NHANES 数据确定了具有较高风险的行业和职业。
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