Chambers A F, Tuck A B
London Regional Cancer Centre, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
Anticancer Res. 1988 Sep-Oct;8(5A):861-71.
In this review, we first discuss some of the experimental parameters that need to be considered in assessing the contribution of various oncogenes to tumor metastasis. We discuss the requirement for a number of in vivo assays to measure different aspects of metastatic ability and we describe a novel metastasis assay, which we have developed, in the naturally immune-deficient chick embryo. Other factors capable of influencing the effects of oncogenes in experimental studies of metastasis, including oncogene activation and the differentiated status of the recipient cell, are also examined. We present some of our experimental results analyzing the ability of two oncogenes, src and ras, to convert cells to a metastatic phenotype. We speculate that a major mechanism by which some oncogenes promote metastatic ability is by subverting a signal transduction process, resulting in activation of a set of genes, some of which appear to promote metastatic ability. Finally, we discuss the need for additional information on the contributions of oncogenes to tumor progression and metastasis in both experimental systems as well as in clinical tumors.
在本综述中，我们首先讨论在评估各种癌基因对肿瘤转移的作用时需要考虑的一些实验参数。我们讨论了进行多种体内试验以测量转移能力不同方面的必要性，并描述了我们在天然免疫缺陷的鸡胚中开发的一种新型转移试验。还研究了在转移实验研究中能够影响癌基因作用的其他因素，包括癌基因激活和受体细胞的分化状态。我们展示了一些实验结果，分析了两种癌基因src和ras将细胞转化为转移表型的能力。我们推测，一些癌基因促进转移能力的主要机制是通过破坏信号转导过程，导致一组基因的激活，其中一些基因似乎促进了转移能力。最后，我们讨论了在实验系统以及临床肿瘤中获取关于癌基因对肿瘤进展和转移作用的更多信息的必要性。
