攀岩运动对大学生身体素质的影响：一篇综述文章与荟萃分析
Effects of Rock Climbing Exercise on Physical Fitness among College Students: A Review Article and Meta-analysis.
作者信息
Li Lun, Ru An, Liao Ting, Zou Shisi, Niu Xiao Hong, Wang Yong Tai
机构信息
Dept. of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.
National Training Office, Shandong Sport University, Shandong, China.
出版信息
Iran J Public Health. 2018 Oct;47(10):1440-1452.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to systematically determine the effects of rock climbing on College Students' physical fitness by means of Meta-analysis.
METHODS
Studies investigated the possible fitness benefits of rock climbing were identified through a computerized search of six electronic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science Periodical Database, PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus and PsycINFO. Effects of rock climbing exercise intervention trials ≥4 wk, published in English and Chinese between Jan 1996 and May 2016, including between subject and within subject designs, were reviewed. Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis. Ten selected variables in this meta-analysis were: Body fat percentage, VOmax, Heart rate, Handgrip strength, Lower limb pedaling power, Vertical Jump, Push-Ups, Pull-Ups, Sit-Ups, and Sit-and-reach. The effect sizes of these ten variables were calculated (<0.05) and forest plots along with effective sizes were presented.
RESULTS
Rock climbing can significantly improve Handgrip strength, Lower limb pedaling power, Vertical Jump, Push-Ups, Pull-Ups, Sit-Ups and Sit-and-reach (<0.01), and significantly increase VOmax (<0.05), however, rock climbing did not show significant improvement on Heart rate and Body fat percentage.
CONCLUSION
As a newly popular physical exercise, rock climbing has a significantly positive impact on the physical fitness among college students. Rock climbing may be more effective if the college students engage in it for a longer term.
背景
本研究旨在通过Meta分析系统地确定攀岩对大学生身体素质的影响。
方法
通过计算机检索六个电子数据库来识别研究攀岩可能带来的健康益处的研究，这六个数据库分别是：中国知网、维普资讯、PubMed、科学引文索引、体育文献数据库和心理学文摘数据库。对1996年1月至2016年5月期间发表的中英文文献中，干预时间≥4周的攀岩运动干预试验进行综述，包括组间设计和组内设计。本Meta分析纳入了9项研究。本Meta分析中选择的10个变量为：体脂百分比、最大摄氧量、心率、握力、下肢蹬力、垂直跳跃、俯卧撑、引体向上、仰卧起坐和坐位体前屈。计算这10个变量的效应量（<0.05），并呈现森林图及效应量。
结果
攀岩能显著提高握力、下肢蹬力、垂直跳跃、俯卧撑、引体向上、仰卧起坐和坐位体前屈（<0.01），并显著增加最大摄氧量（<0.05），然而，攀岩对心率和体脂百分比没有显著改善。
结论
作为一项新流行的体育锻炼，攀岩对大学生的身体素质有显著的积极影响。如果大学生长期参与攀岩，可能会更有效。
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