Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
EMBO Rep. 2019 Jan;20(1). doi: 10.15252/embr.201846864. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Peroxisomes are conserved organelles of eukaryotic cells with important roles in cellular metabolism, human health, redox homeostasis, as well as intracellular metabolite transfer and signaling. We review here the current status of the different co-existing modes of biogenesis of peroxisomal membrane proteins demonstrating the fascinating adaptability in their targeting and sorting pathways. While earlier studies focused on peroxisomes as autonomous organelles, the necessity of the ER and potentially even mitochondria as sources of peroxisomal membrane proteins and lipids has come to light in recent years. Additionally, the intimate physical juxtaposition of peroxisomes with other organelles has transitioned from being viewed as random encounters to a growing appreciation of the expanding roles of such inter-organellar membrane contact sites in metabolic and regulatory functions. Peroxisomal quality control mechanisms have also come of age with a variety of mechanisms operating both during biogenesis and in the cellular response to environmental cues.
过氧化物酶体是真核细胞中保守的细胞器，在细胞代谢、人类健康、氧化还原稳态以及细胞内代谢物转移和信号转导中具有重要作用。我们在这里回顾了过氧化物酶体膜蛋白不同共存生物发生模式的最新研究进展，这些模式展示了其在靶向和分拣途径中的惊人适应性。虽然早期的研究集中在过氧化物酶体作为自主细胞器，但近年来，内质网甚至线粒体作为过氧化物酶体膜蛋白和脂质来源的必要性已经显现出来。此外，过氧化物体与其他细胞器的紧密物理毗邻已经从随机相遇转变为越来越多地认识到这种细胞器间膜接触位点在代谢和调节功能中的扩展作用。过氧化物酶体的质量控制机制也随着各种机制在生物发生过程中和细胞对环境信号的反应中发挥作用而不断发展。
