Eckert J
Institute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
Experientia. 1988 Oct 15;44(10):873-7. doi: 10.1007/BF01941185.
In this review, advances in cryopreservation of helminth parasites are reported. Our own studies demonstrate that metacestodes of Echinococcus multilocularis can be maintained in a viable state for at least 1-2 years by appropriate deep-freezing and storage in liquid nitrogen. Infective larvae of the nematode Toxocara canis cryopreserved for 1 week in liquid nitrogen were maintained after thawing in vitro in a chemically defined medium for 35 weeks. Although motility of previously deep-frozen larvae was reduced they produced secretory/excretory antigens of similar immunodiagnostic quality as those from unfrozen larvae. Whereas infective larvae of several species of trichostrongy-lids can be easily cryopreserved, the infective larvae of the cattle lungworm, Dictyocaulus viviparus, and muscle larvae of Trichinella spiralis are more sensitive to damage by subzero temperatures. Therefore, survival rates after cryopreservation are low, but improvement of the cooling schedules appears to be feasible. It is concluded that cryopreservation of certain stages of helminth and protozoan parasites is a useful technique for long-term storage of defined isolates, which can contribute considerably to reducing the number of experimental animals usually required for serial passages.
在本综述中，报道了蠕虫寄生虫冷冻保存方面的进展。我们自己的研究表明，通过适当深度冷冻并保存在液氮中，多房棘球绦虫的中绦期幼虫可在存活状态下维持至少1 - 2年。犬弓首线虫的感染性幼虫在液氮中冷冻保存1周后，解冻后在化学成分明确的培养基中体外培养35周仍能存活。虽然先前深度冷冻幼虫的活力有所降低，但它们产生的分泌/排泄抗原在免疫诊断质量上与未冷冻幼虫产生的相似。几种毛圆科线虫的感染性幼虫能够很容易地被冷冻保存，而牛肺线虫（胎生网尾线虫）的感染性幼虫和旋毛虫的肌幼虫对零下温度造成的损伤更为敏感。因此，冷冻保存后的存活率较低，但改进降温程序似乎是可行的。结论是，蠕虫和原生动物寄生虫某些阶段的冷冻保存是一种用于长期保存特定分离株的有用技术，这对于大幅减少连续传代通常所需的实验动物数量有很大帮助。
