Kim Soojin, Rhee Serena
Kim: Purdue University, 403 W. State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
Rhee: Korea Development Institute, 263 Namsejong-ro, Sejong City 30149, Republic of Korea.
Labour Econ. 2018 Oct;54:116-134. doi: 10.1016/j.labeco.2018.08.001. Epub 2018 Aug 13.
Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is an employment protection policy for disabled workers. By exploiting cross-state variation in pre-ADA legislation, we measure the effects of the law on transition rates of disabled workers. We find a decline in employment-to-non-employment transitions after the ADA, with an insignificant change in flow into employment. We use a model to disentangle the costs of firing and hiring imposed by the ADA. Our findings suggest that the ADA induces firms to fire less frequently but become more selective with new hires, impacting the aggregate productivity of the workforce and output of the economy.
《美国残疾人法案》（ADA）第一章是一项针对残疾工人的就业保护政策。通过利用ADA立法前各州之间的差异，我们衡量了该法律对残疾工人转换率的影响。我们发现，ADA实施后，就业到非就业的转换率有所下降，而进入就业的流量变化不显著。我们使用一个模型来厘清ADA所带来的解雇和招聘成本。我们的研究结果表明，ADA促使企业减少解雇频率，但在招聘新员工时变得更加挑剔，这影响了劳动力的总体生产率和经济产出。
