Iwata Keiko
Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.
Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1916:41-48. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8994-2_2.
Mental disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SZ) are generally characterized by a combination of abnormal thoughts, perceptions, emotions, behavior, and relationships with others. Multiple risk factors incorporating genetic and environmental susceptibility are associated with development of these disorders. Mitochondria have a central role in the energy metabolism, and the literature suggests energy metabolism abnormalities are widespread in the brains of subjects with MDD, BD, and SZ. Numerous studies have shown altered expressions of mitochondria-related genes in these mental disorders. In addition, environmental factors for these disorders, such as stresses, have been suggested to induce mitochondrial abnormalities. Moreover, animal studies have suggested that interactions of altered expression of mitochondria-related genes and environmental factors might be involved in mental disorders. Further investigations into interactions of mitochondrial abnormalities with environmental factors are required to elucidate of the pathogenesis of these mental disorders.
重度抑郁症（MDD）、双相情感障碍（BD）和精神分裂症（SZ）等精神障碍通常具有异常思维、感知、情绪、行为以及与他人关系等多种特征。包括遗传和环境易感性在内的多种风险因素与这些疾病的发生有关。线粒体在能量代谢中起核心作用，文献表明能量代谢异常在患有MDD、BD和SZ的受试者大脑中普遍存在。大量研究表明这些精神障碍中线粒体相关基因的表达发生了改变。此外，已表明这些疾病的环境因素，如压力，可诱发线粒体异常。而且，动物研究表明线粒体相关基因表达改变与环境因素之间的相互作用可能与精神障碍有关。需要进一步研究线粒体异常与环境因素之间的相互作用，以阐明这些精神障碍的发病机制。
