Brechbuhl Cyril, Brocherie Franck, Millet Gregoire P, Schmitt Laurent
French Tennis Federation, National Tennis Center, 4 Place de la Porte Molitor, Paris, France.
ISSUL, Institute of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Sports Med Int Open. 2018 Sep 25;2(5):E123-E132. doi: 10.1055/a-0719-4797. eCollection 2018 Sep.
This study examined the physiological, physical and technical responses to repeated-sprint training in normobaric hypoxia [RSH, inspired fraction of oxygen (FiO ) 14.5%] vs. normoxia (RSN, FiO 20.9%). Within 12 days, eighteen well-trained tennis players (RSH, n=9 vs. RSN, n=9) completed five specific repeated-sprint sessions that consisted of four sets of 5 maximal shuttle-run sprints. Testing sessions included repeated-sprint ability and Test to Exhaustion Specific to Tennis (TEST). TEST's maximal duration to exhaustion and time to attain the 'onset of blood lactate accumulation' at 4 mMol.L (OBLA) improvements were significantly higher in RSH compared to RSN. Change in time to attain OBLA was concomitant with observations similar in time to the second ventilatory threshold. Significant interaction (P=0.003) was found for ball accuracy with greater increase in RSH (+13.8%, P=0.013) vs. RSN (-4.6%, P=0.15). A correlation (r=0.59, P<0.001) was observed between change in ball accuracy and TEST's time to exhaustion. Greater improvement in some tennis-specific physical and technical parameters was observed after only 5 sessions of RSH vs. RSN in well-trained tennis players.
本研究考察了常压低氧环境下（RSH，吸入氧分数（FiO₂）为14.5%）与常氧环境下（RSN，FiO₂为20.9%）重复冲刺训练的生理、身体和技术反应。在12天内，18名训练有素的网球运动员（RSH组9人，RSN组9人）完成了5次特定的重复冲刺训练课，每次训练课由4组每组5次最大强度穿梭跑冲刺组成。测试项目包括重复冲刺能力和网球专项力竭测试（TEST）。与RSN组相比，RSH组在TEST中的最大力竭持续时间以及达到4mmol/L血乳酸积累起始点（OBLA）的时间改善更为显著。达到OBLA的时间变化与第二次通气阈值时间的观察结果相似。在击球准确性方面发现了显著的交互作用（P = 0.003），RSH组的击球准确性提高幅度更大（+13.8%，P = 0.013），而RSN组则下降（-4.6%，P = 0.15）。观察到击球准确性变化与TEST的力竭时间之间存在相关性（r = 0.59，P < 0.001）。在训练有素的网球运动员中，仅进行5次RSH训练课后，在一些网球专项身体和技术参数方面的改善就比RSN组更大。
