工作压力与长期病假：德国劳动人口的十年前瞻性研究。
Job Strain and Long-Term Sickness Absence From Work: A Ten-Year Prospective Study in German Working Population.
机构信息
Global Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium (Dr Mutambudzi); Department of Preventive Medicine & Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (Dr Mutambudzi); Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Theorell); Institute of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Germany (Dr Li).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2019 Apr;61(4):278-284. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001525.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the prospective associations between baseline job strain and 10-year cumulative incidence of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in the German workforce.
METHODS
This study used longitudinal data from the 2001 to 2011 waves of The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) (n = 9794). Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the prospective association between job strain and incidence of LTSA.
RESULTS
High strain [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.12 to 1.46] and passive jobs (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.30) were significantly associated with LTSA after full adjustment for covariates, with greater risk in the older participants (>45) in passive (HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.63) and high strain (HR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.27 to 1.92) jobs.
CONCLUSION
Jobs with low control over work were associated with LTSA in German workers. More studies using longitudinal employment data, and more detailed job strain measures are warranted.
目的
本研究旨在考察德国劳动力中基线工作压力与 10 年累积长期病假（LTSA）发病率之间的前瞻性关联。
方法
本研究使用了来自德国社会经济面板（SOEP）2001 年至 2011 年的纵向数据（n=9794）。采用 Kaplan-Meier 生存曲线和 Cox 比例风险回归模型来检验工作压力与 LTSA 发病率之间的前瞻性关联。
结果
高压力（HR=1.28，95%置信区间（95%CI）=1.12 至 1.46）和被动工作（HR=1.14，95%CI=1.01 至 1.30）与 LTSA 显著相关，经过全面调整协变量后，在年龄较大的参与者（>45 岁）中，被动（HR=1.33，95%CI=1.08 至 1.63）和高压力（HR=1.56，95%CI=1.27 至 1.92）工作的风险更高。
结论
在德国工人中，工作控制程度较低与 LTSA 相关。需要更多使用纵向就业数据和更详细的工作压力测量的研究。
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