Ji Junmin, Ge Zhengfa, Feng Yeshen, Wang Xuede
College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology.
J Oleo Sci. 2019 Jan 1;68(1):13-20. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess18132. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
To develop and use the hazelnut, the main composition, and the physicochemical characteristics, fatty acid compositions, triacylglycerol (TAG) distribution and tocol contents of Hazelnut (Corylus mandshurica Maxim.) which growing in Changbai mountain of Jilin province (HO1) and Anshan city of Liaoning province (HO2) in China were investigated, and the comparative study between the two hazelnut oils and American hazelnut / Turkish hazelnut were also explored. The content of crude lipid and protein in HO1 and HO2 were approximately 54% and 17%, 55% and 16%, respectively. The two hazelnut oils were abundant in unsaturated fatty acids, with the primary unsaturated fatty acids were oleic acid (78%-80%) and linoleic acid (14-16%), which accounted for above 90% of the oils. Therefore, both of the hazelnut oils were important sources of essential fatty acid. In addition, the main saturated fatty acid of the two hazelnut oils were palmitic acid (3%) and stearic acid (1-2%). The main triacylglycerols (TGA) profile were dioleolinolein (OOL), oleodilinolein (OLL) and triolein (OOO). The contents of tocol were 574.44 μg/g, 647.49 μg/g oil in HO1 and HO2, respectively, both of them were higher than that of grape seed oils (454 μg/g), olive oils (209 μg/g) and walnut oils (255 μg/g). The total phytosterol contents were over 2000μg/g and β-sitosterol was the most predominant sterol in two oils.
为了开发和利用榛子，对生长在中国吉林省长白山（HO1）和辽宁省鞍山市（HO2）的榛子（平榛）的主要成分、理化特性、脂肪酸组成、三酰甘油（TAG）分布和生育酚含量进行了研究，并对这两种榛子油与美国榛子/土耳其榛子进行了比较研究。HO1和HO2中粗脂肪和蛋白质的含量分别约为54%和17%、55%和16%。两种榛子油富含不饱和脂肪酸，主要的不饱和脂肪酸为油酸（78%-80%）和亚油酸（14%-16%），占油类的90%以上。因此，两种榛子油都是必需脂肪酸的重要来源。此外，两种榛子油的主要饱和脂肪酸为棕榈酸（3%）和硬脂酸（1%-2%）。主要的三酰甘油（TGA）谱为二油酰亚油酸甘油酯（OOL）、油酰二亚油酸甘油酯（OLL）和三油精（OOO）。HO1和HO2中生育酚的含量分别为574.44μg/g、647.49μg/g油，均高于葡萄籽油（454μg/g）、橄榄油（209μg/g）和核桃油（255μg/g）。总植物甾醇含量超过2000μg/g，β-谷甾醇是两种油中最主要的甾醇。
