Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research and Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.
Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Feb 15;206:389-395. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.011. Epub 2018 Nov 10.
Xyloglucans and pectic polymers can be obtained from a variety of plants ubiquitous in the human diet, however, their fermentability in the colon and consequent nutritional benefits are poorly understood. Here, we evaluated metabolite profiles and bacterial shifts during in vitro fecal fermentations of two isolated pectic polymers and a xyloglucan. Depending on their chemical structure, pectic polymers were more acetogenic or propiogenic. Xyloglucan fermentation also resulted in elevated propionate if compared to FOS. Bacteroides plebeius, B. uniformis, Parabacteroides distasonis and bacterial groups such as Blautia, Lachnospira, Clostridiales and Lachnospiraceae, presented distinct abundances on each dietary fiber ferment. PCA and heat map analysis showed that major microbiota shifts occurred during xyloglucan fermentation, but not pectin fermentation. These data suggest that uncommon carbohydrate structures (i.e. isolated, soluble xyloglucan) in the diet hold the potential to generate larger shifts in microbiota communities than commonly consumed fibers (i.e. pectins).
木葡聚糖和果胶聚合物可以从人类饮食中普遍存在的各种植物中获得，然而，它们在结肠中的发酵能力及其带来的营养益处还了解甚少。在这里，我们评估了两种分离的果胶聚合物和木葡聚糖在体外粪便发酵过程中的代谢物谱和细菌变化。根据其化学结构，果胶聚合物具有更高的产乙酸或丙酸能力。与 FOS 相比，木葡聚糖发酵也导致丙酸水平升高。在每种膳食纤维发酵中，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides plebeius、B. uniformis）、副拟杆菌属（Parabacteroides distasonis）以及 Blautia、Lachnospira、Clostridiales 和 Lachnospiraceae 等细菌群落在数量上都有明显的变化。PCA 和热图分析表明，木葡聚糖发酵过程中发生了主要的微生物群变化，而果胶发酵则没有。这些数据表明，饮食中不常见的碳水化合物结构（即分离的、可溶性的木葡聚糖）有可能比常见的纤维（即果胶）产生更大的微生物群落变化。
