Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Erasme, ULB, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
Nat Prod Rep. 2019 May 22;36(5):810-841. doi: 10.1039/c8np00057c.
Covering: 1957 to 2017 Algae constitute a heterogeneous group of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, mainly found in the marine environment. Algae produce numerous metabolites that help them cope with the harsh conditions of the marine environment. Because of their structural diversity and uniqueness, these molecules have recently gained a lot of interest for the identification of medicinally useful agents, including those with potential anticancer activities. In the current review, which is not a catalogue-based one, we first highlight the major biological events that lead to various types of cancer, including metastatic ones, to chemoresistance, thus to any types of current anticancer treatment relating to the use of chemotherapeutics. We then review algal metabolites for which scientific literature reports anticancer activity. Lastly, we focus on algal metabolites with promising anticancer activity based on their ability to target biological characteristics of cancer cells responsible for poor treatment outcomes. Thus, we highlight compounds that have, among others, one or more of the following characteristics: selectivity in reducing the proliferation of cancer cells over normal ones, potential for killing cancer cells through non-apoptotic signaling pathways, ability to circumvent MDR-related efflux pumps, and activity in vivo in relevant pre-clinical models.
1957 年至 2017 年 藻类是一组异质的真核光合生物，主要存在于海洋环境中。藻类产生许多代谢物，帮助它们应对海洋环境的恶劣条件。由于它们结构的多样性和独特性，这些分子最近引起了人们的极大兴趣，用于鉴定有药用价值的药物，包括具有潜在抗癌活性的药物。在本次综述中，我们首先强调了导致各种癌症的主要生物学事件，包括转移性癌症、化疗耐药性，以及与使用化疗药物相关的任何类型的当前抗癌治疗。然后，我们综述了具有抗癌活性的藻类代谢产物。最后，我们根据藻类代谢产物靶向导致治疗效果不佳的癌细胞生物学特征的能力，重点关注具有有前景的抗癌活性的藻类代谢产物。因此，我们强调了具有以下一种或多种特征的化合物：选择性地减少癌细胞的增殖而不影响正常细胞、通过非凋亡信号通路杀死癌细胞的潜力、能够规避与多药耐药性相关的外排泵的能力，以及在相关临床前模型中的体内活性。
