Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Landmark Center, 401 Park Drive Suite 401, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018 Dec 17;15(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s12966-018-0759-0.
Despite the growing prevalence of excess weight and prediabetes in children, the contributing role of dietary behaviors throughout childhood remains poorly understood. We examined longitudinal associations of dietary behaviors throughout childhood with adiposity and estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in adolescence.
Among 995 children from Project Viva, a pre-birth cohort, we examined associations of child dietary behaviors (frequency of eating breakfast, fast food, family dinner, and eating meals while watching television) reported annually throughout childhood (from ages 4 to 11 years) with body mass index z-score (BMI-z; n = 991), waist circumference (WC; n = 995), DXA overall and central adiposity measurements (n = 721), and HOMA-IR (n = 579) in early adolescence (13.2 ± 0.9 years old). We used mixed effects models adjusted for potential confounders.
Eating breakfast daily throughout childhood was associated with lower BMI-z and DXA-measured overall and central adiposity in boys and girls (e.g. for whole-body fat %: β - 1.43% [95% CI: -2.42, - 0.45] and - 1.47% [- 2.25, - 0.68]), and with lower HOMA-IR in boys (% difference - 15.6% [- 22.7, - 7.9]). Daily family dinner and eating fast food less than once per week throughout childhood were both associated with lower BMI-z and adiposity in girls (for BMI-z: β - 0.17 units [- 0.24, - 0.11] and β - 0.09 units [- 0.17, - 0.02]) and lower insulin resistance in boys (% difference - 7.3% [- 12.4,- 1.8] and - 7.6% [- 13.2, - 1.7]). Finally, eating meals while watching television < 1/week throughout childhood was associated with lower adolescent adiposity (e.g. WC: - 1.55 cm [- 2.39, - 0.71]) and HOMA-IR (% difference: - 10.7% [- 15.8, - 5.2]) in boys.
Healthful dietary behaviors throughout childhood are associated with less adiposity and lower estimated insulin resistance in early adolescence.
NCT02820402.
尽管儿童超重和前驱糖尿病的患病率不断上升，但儿童时期饮食行为的促成作用仍知之甚少。我们研究了儿童时期饮食行为与青春期肥胖和估计的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）之间的纵向关联。
在 Viva 项目的 995 名儿童（一个产前队列）中，我们研究了儿童时期每年报告的饮食行为（吃早餐、快餐、家庭晚餐和吃饭时看电视的频率）与儿童期（4 至 11 岁）的体质指数 z 分数（BMI-z；n=991）、腰围（WC；n=995）、DXA 整体和中心肥胖测量值（n=721）以及青春期早期（13.2±0.9 岁）的 HOMA-IR 之间的关联。我们使用混合效应模型调整了潜在的混杂因素。
整个儿童期每天吃早餐与男孩和女孩的 BMI-z 和 DXA 测量的整体和中心肥胖有关（例如，对于全身脂肪百分比：β-1.43%[-2.42，-0.45]和β-1.47%[-2.25，-0.68]），与男孩的 HOMA-IR 降低有关（差异百分比为-15.6%[-22.7，-7.9]）。整个儿童期每天吃家庭晚餐和每周吃快餐少于一次，都与女孩的 BMI-z 和肥胖有关（对于 BMI-z：β-0.17 单位[-0.24，-0.11]和β-0.09 单位[-0.17，-0.02]），与男孩的胰岛素抵抗降低有关（差异百分比为-7.3%[-12.4，-1.8]和-7.6%[-13.2，-1.7]）。最后，整个儿童期吃饭时看电视每周少于 1 次与青春期肥胖有关（例如，WC：-1.55cm[-2.39，-0.71]）和 HOMA-IR（差异百分比：-10.7%[-15.8，-5.2]）在男孩中。
儿童时期健康的饮食行为与青春期早期的肥胖程度较低和估计的胰岛素抵抗较低有关。
NCT02820402。
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