Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Tsurukabuto, Kobe City 657-8501, Japan.
Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2019 Feb 28;47(1):179-185. doi: 10.1042/BST20180449. Epub 2018 Dec 17.
It is believed that organisms that first appeared after the formation of the earth lived in a very limited environment, making full use of the limited number of genes. From these early organisms' genes, more were created by replication, mutation, recombination, translocation, and transmission of other organisms' DNA; thus, it became possible for ancient organisms to grow in various environments. The photosynthetic CO-fixing enzyme RuBisCO (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) began to function in primitive methanogenic archaea and has been evolved as a central CO-fixing enzyme in response to the large changes in CO and O concentrations that occurred in the subsequent 4 billion years. In this review, the processes of its adaptation to be specialized for CO fixation will be presented from the viewpoint of functions and structures of RuBisCO.
据信，在地球形成后首次出现的生物生活在非常有限的环境中，充分利用有限数量的基因。从这些早期生物的基因中，通过复制、突变、重组、易位和其他生物的 DNA 传递，创造了更多的基因；因此，古代生物有可能在各种环境中生长。光合 CO 固定酶 RuBisCO（核酮糖 1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶）开始在原始产甲烷古菌中发挥作用，并在随后的 40 亿年中，随着 CO 和 O 浓度的巨大变化，进化为一种中央 CO 固定酶。在这篇综述中，将从 RuBisCO 的功能和结构的角度来介绍其适应 CO 固定的特殊化过程。
