Placha Katarzyna, Tuley Richard S, Salvo Milena, Casalegno Valentina, Simpson Kevin
European Thermodynamics Ltd., 8 Priory Business Park, Leicester LE8 0RX, UK.
Politecnico di Torino, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Turin, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2018 Dec 6;11(12):2483. doi: 10.3390/ma11122483.
Over the past few years, significant progress towards implementation of environmentally sustainable and cost-effective thermoelectric power generation has been made. However, the reliability and high-temperature stability challenges of incorporating thermoelectric materials into modules still represent a key bottleneck. Here, we demonstrate an implementation of the Solid-Liquid Interdiffusion technique used for bonding (Fe,Co)₄Sb p-type thermoelectric material to metallic interconnect using a novel aluminium⁻nickel multi-layered system. It was found that the diffusion reaction-controlled process leads to the formation of two distinct intermetallic compounds (IMCs), Al₃Ni and Al₃Ni₂, with a theoretical melting point higher than the initial bonding temperature. Different manufacturing parameters have also been investigated and their influence on electrical, mechanical and microstructural features of bonded components are reported here. The resulting electrical contact resistances and apparent shear strengths for components with residual aluminium were measured to be (2.8 ± 0.4) × 10 Ω∙cm² and 5.1 ± 0.5 MPa and with aluminium completely transformed into Al₃Ni and Al₃Ni₂ IMCs were (4.8 ± 0.3) × 10 Ω∙cm² and 4.5 ± 0.5 MPa respectively. The behaviour and microstructural changes in the joining material have been evaluated through isothermal annealing at hot-leg working temperature to investigate the stability and evolution of the contact.
在过去几年中，在实现环境可持续且具有成本效益的热电发电方面已取得了重大进展。然而，将热电材料集成到模块中的可靠性和高温稳定性挑战仍然是一个关键瓶颈。在此，我们展示了一种采用新型铝镍多层系统将（铁，钴）₄锑 p 型热电材料与金属互连件进行键合的固液互扩散技术的实施方案。研究发现，扩散反应控制过程导致形成两种不同的金属间化合物（IMC），即 Al₃Ni 和 Al₃Ni₂，其理论熔点高于初始键合温度。还研究了不同的制造参数，并在此报告了它们对键合组件的电气、机械和微观结构特征的影响。对于残留铝的组件，测得的电接触电阻和表观剪切强度分别为（2.8±0.4）×10 Ω∙cm²和 5.1±0.5 MPa，而对于铝完全转变为 Al₃Ni 和 Al₃Ni₂ IMC 的组件，分别为（4.8±0.3）×10 Ω∙cm²和 4.5±0.5 MPa。通过在热段工作温度下进行等温退火，评估了连接材料的行为和微观结构变化，以研究接触的稳定性和演变。
