Division of Nursing in Internal Medicine Procedures, Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland,
Department of Nervous System Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Clin Interv Aging. 2018 Nov 28;13:2425-2441. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S182881. eCollection 2018.
Hypertension (HT) is considered to be the most common disorder in the general population. Demographic data indicate that older adults commonly suffer from HT. Older age is one of the key factors affecting the adherence of patients with HT. The main purpose was to identify demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors that affect adherence in older adults with HT.
This cross-sectional study included 150 patients (84 women and 66 men) with mean age of 72.1 years. The Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale (Hill-Bone CHBPTS) was used to evaluate the adherence to therapeutic recommendations for HT.
The mean score obtained by the patients in the Hill-Bone CHBPTS was 20.19 (SD±4.05). The linear regression model showed the independent predictors of the total score (<0.05): 1) age, each subsequent year of life raises the total score by an average of 0.2 points; 2) gender, males raise it by an average of 1.34 points compared to females; 3) education, a secondary, higher, or higher professional education lowers it by an average of 1.75 points compared to a primary education or no education; and 4) living with the family, having familial support lowers it by an average of 1.91 points compared to living alone or in an organized institution.
Our study has shown that the variables of age, education level, and living with the family were statistically significant in explaining the adherence rates. Health care professionals should pay more attention to older HT patients who have a low level of education and who experience the lack of social support. There is a need for a tailored education among this group of patients to better understand and adhere to medication treatment.
高血压（HT）被认为是普通人群中最常见的疾病。人口统计学数据表明，老年人通常患有 HT。年龄是影响 HT 患者依从性的关键因素之一。主要目的是确定影响老年 HT 患者依从性的人口统计学、社会经济学和临床因素。
这项横断面研究包括 150 名患者（84 名女性和 66 名男性），平均年龄为 72.1 岁。使用希尔-博恩高血压治疗依从性量表（Hill-Bone CHBPTS）评估对 HT 治疗建议的依从性。
患者在 Hill-Bone CHBPTS 中获得的平均得分为 20.19（SD±4.05）。线性回归模型显示总评分的独立预测因子（<0.05）：1）年龄，每增加 1 岁，总评分平均增加 0.2 分；2）性别，男性比女性平均高出 1.34 分；3）教育程度，中等、高等或高等职业教育比小学或没有教育平均降低 1.75 分；4）与家人同住，有家庭支持比独居或在有组织的机构中平均降低 1.91 分。
我们的研究表明，年龄、教育水平和与家人同住等变量在解释依从率方面具有统计学意义。医疗保健专业人员应更加关注教育程度较低且缺乏社会支持的老年 HT 患者。需要针对这组患者进行量身定制的教育，以更好地理解和遵守药物治疗。
