Otokunefor Kome, Otokunefor Tosanwumi V, Omakwele Godwin
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Afr J Lab Med. 2018 Dec 6;7(2):805. doi: 10.4102/ajlm.v7i2.805. eCollection 2018.
In past years, much focus has been on tackling the scourge and spread of tuberculosis worldwide. The recent emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis has, however, negatively threatened progress made so far. Nigeria ranks fourth out of the 22 high tuberculosis burden countries in the world and has the highest burden of tuberculosis in Africa. It is therefore necessary to monitor the MDR tuberculosis situation in the country.
This study set out to assess the proportions of MDR tuberculosis in patients attending six directly observed treatment short-course centres in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, from October 2015 to October 2016.
Six hundred and nine participants between the ages of 18 and 75 years were enrolled in this study and comprised suspected and newly diagnosed tuberculosis cases. Sputum samples obtained from the participants were screened for the presence of using standard culture and phenotypic biochemical techniques, and drug susceptibility testing was carried out using the 1% proportion conventional method.
Of the 609 participants enrolled, 30 (4.9%) were confirmed as -positive cases. A high prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis was noted in this study (14/30, 46.7%), with 26.7% of isolates resistant to streptomycin. MDR tuberculosis, defined as being resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, was detected in only one case (3.3%).
This study reports a low rate of MDR tuberculosis and contributes to the sparse data on drug resistant tuberculosis in Nigeria.
在过去几年中，全球都将重点放在应对结核病的祸害及其传播上。然而，耐多药结核病的近期出现对迄今所取得的进展构成了负面威胁。尼日利亚在全球22个结核病高负担国家中排名第四，在非洲的结核病负担最重。因此，有必要监测该国耐多药结核病的情况。
本研究旨在评估2015年10月至2016年10月期间在尼日利亚哈科特港六个直接观察短程治疗中心就诊的患者中耐多药结核病的比例。
本研究纳入了609名年龄在18至75岁之间的参与者，包括疑似和新诊断的结核病病例。使用标准培养和表型生化技术对从参与者获得的痰样本进行筛查，以检测是否存在结核菌，并使用1%比例常规方法进行药敏试验。
在纳入的609名参与者中，30例（4.9%）被确认为结核菌阳性病例。本研究中耐多药结核病的患病率较高（14/30，46.7%），26.7%的分离株对链霉素耐药。仅在1例病例（3.3%）中检测到耐多药结核病，即对异烟肼和利福平耐药。
本研究报告的耐多药结核病发生率较低，并为尼日利亚耐多药结核病的稀少数据做出了贡献。
