Fleischer Nancy L, Abshire Chelsea, Margerison Claire E, Nitcheva Daniela, Smith Michael G
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2019 Jun;23(6):787-801. doi: 10.1007/s10995-018-02695-z.
Objectives To describe the creation of a multigenerational linked dataset with social mobility measures for South Carolina (SC), as an example for states in the South and other areas of the country. Methods Using unique identifiers, we linked birth certificates along the maternal line using SC birth certificate data from 1989 to 2014, and compared the subset of records for which linking was possible with two comparison groups on sociodemographic and birth outcome measures. We created four multi-generational social mobility measures using maternal education, paternal education, presence of paternal information, and a summary score incorporating the prior three measures plus payment source for births after 2004. We compared social mobility measures by race/ethnicity. Results Of the 1,366,288 singleton birth certificates in SC from 1989 to 2014, we linked 103,194, resulting in 61,229 unique three-generation units. Mothers and fathers were younger and had lower education, and low birth weight was more common, in the multigenerational linked dataset than in the two comparison groups. Based on the social mobility summary score, only 6.3% of White families were always disadvantaged, compared to 30.4% of Black families and 13.2% of Hispanic families. Moreover, 32.8% of White families were upwardly mobile and 39.1% of Black families were upwardly mobile, but only 29.9% of Hispanic families were upwardly mobile. Conclusions for Practice When states are able to link individuals, birth certificate data may be an excellent source for examining population-level relationships between social mobility and adverse birth outcomes. Due to its location in the Deep South, the multigenerational SC dataset may be particularly useful for understanding racial/ethnic difference in social mobility and birth outcomes.
目标 描述创建一个包含南卡罗来纳州（SC）社会流动性指标的多代关联数据集，作为美国南部各州和其他地区的范例。方法 利用唯一标识符，我们使用1989年至2014年南卡罗来纳州出生证明数据，沿母系链接出生证明，并将可能链接的记录子集与两个对照组在社会人口统计学和出生结局指标上进行比较。我们使用母亲教育程度、父亲教育程度、父亲信息的有无，以及一个综合了前三项指标加上2004年后出生的支付来源的汇总分数，创建了四个多代社会流动性指标。我们按种族/族裔比较社会流动性指标。结果 在1989年至2014年南卡罗来纳州的1366288份单胎出生证明中，我们链接了103194份，得到61229个独特的三代单元。与两个对照组相比，多代关联数据集中的母亲和父亲更年轻，教育程度更低，低出生体重更常见。根据社会流动性汇总分数，只有6.3%的白人家庭一直处于不利地位，相比之下，黑人家庭为30.4%，西班牙裔家庭为13.2%。此外，32.8%的白人家庭向上流动，39.1%的黑人家庭向上流动，但只有29.9%的西班牙裔家庭向上流动。实践结论 当各州能够链接个人时，出生证明数据可能是检验社会流动性与不良出生结局之间人群水平关系的极佳来源。由于其位于美国最南部，多代南卡罗来纳州数据集对于理解社会流动性和出生结局中的种族/族裔差异可能特别有用。
