Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany.
Theor Appl Genet. 2019 Mar;132(3):593-605. doi: 10.1007/s00122-018-3261-9. Epub 2018 Dec 19.
The ability to generate (doubled) haploid plants significantly accelerates the crop breeding process. Haploids have been induced mainly through the generation of plants from cultivated gametophic (haploid) cells and tissues, i.e., in vitro haploid technologies, or through the selective loss of a parental chromosome set upon inter- or intraspecific hybridization. Here, we focus our review on the mechanisms responsible for the in vivo formation of haploids in the context of inter- and intraspecific hybridization. The application of a modified CENH3 for uniparental genome elimination, the IG1 system used for paternal as well as the BBM-like and the patatin-like phospholipase essential for maternal haploidy induction are discussed in detail.
产生（加倍）单倍体植物的能力显著加速了作物的育种过程。单倍体主要是通过从培养的配子体（单倍体）细胞和组织中产生植物，即体外单倍体技术，或通过在种间或种内杂交时选择性地丢失一对亲本染色体而产生。在这里，我们重点讨论在种间和种内杂交的情况下，体内单倍体形成的机制。详细讨论了用于单亲基因组消除的改良 CENH3 的应用、用于父本的 IG1 系统以及用于诱导母本单倍体的 BBM 样和类脂酶的应用。
