Patel Pragna, Sabin Keith, Godfrey-Faussett Peter
Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Joint United Nations Programme on AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland.
JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2018 Dec 20;4(4):e10989. doi: 10.2196/10989.
Low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are undergoing an epidemiological transition, in which the burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is rising and mortality will shift from infectious diseases to NCDs. Specifically, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, renal diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer are becoming more prevalent. In some regions, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, the dual HIV and NCD epidemics will pose challenges because their joint burden will have adverse effects on the quality of life and will likely increase global inequities. Given the austere clinical infrastructure in many LMICs, innovative models of care delivery are needed to provide comprehensive care in resource-limited settings. Improved data collection and surveillance of NCDs among HIV-infected persons in LMICs are necessary to inform integrated NCD-HIV prevention, care, and treatment models that are effective across a range of geographic settings. These efforts will preserve the considerable investments that have been made to prevent the number of lives lost to HIV, promote healthy aging of persons living with HIV, and contribute to meeting United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）正在经历流行病学转变，在此过程中，非传染性疾病（NCDs）的负担不断上升，死亡率将从传染病转向非传染性疾病。具体而言，心血管疾病、糖尿病、肾脏疾病、慢性呼吸道疾病和癌症正变得越来越普遍。在一些地区，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲，艾滋病病毒和非传染性疾病双重流行将带来挑战，因为它们的共同负担将对生活质量产生不利影响，并可能加剧全球不平等。鉴于许多低收入和中等收入国家临床基础设施简陋，需要创新的护理模式在资源有限的环境中提供全面护理。改善低收入和中等收入国家艾滋病毒感染者中慢性病的数据收集和监测，对于为在一系列地理环境中有效的慢性病-艾滋病毒综合预防、护理和治疗模式提供信息至关重要。这些努力将保护为防止因艾滋病毒而失去生命所做的大量投资，促进艾滋病毒感染者健康老龄化，并有助于实现联合国可持续发展目标。
