Health & Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), 5000 Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Nutrients. 2018 Dec 21;11(1):19. doi: 10.3390/nu11010019.
Whey protein isolate (WPI) is high in vitamin B and folate. These and other related markers (holotranscobalamin, methylmalonic acid and homocysteine) have been linked with cognitive health. This study explored the efficacy of WPI for improving cognitive function via delivery of vitamin B. Moderately vitamin B-deficient participants aged between 45 and 75 years ( = 56) were recruited into this randomised controlled crossover trial. Participants (55% female) consumed 50 g whey (WPI; active) or soy protein isolate (SPI; control) for eight weeks. Following a 16-week washout phase, they consumed the alternative supplement. Consumption of WPI significantly improved active B and folate status but did not result in direct improvements in cognitive function. However, there was evidence of improvement in reaction time ( = 0.02) and reasoning speed ( = 0.04) in the SPI condition for females. Additional analyses showed that changes in active B, HcY and folate measures during WPI treatment correlated with improvements in cognitive function (all < 0.05). Results indicate that WPI itself did not result in improved cognitive function but some evidence of benefit of SPI for females was found. However, consistent with previous research, we present further evidence of a role for active B, HcY and folate in supporting cognitive improvement in adults with low B vitamin status.
乳清蛋白分离物（WPI）富含维生素 B 和叶酸。这些和其他相关标志物（全钴胺素、甲基丙二酸和同型半胱氨酸）与认知健康有关。本研究通过提供维生素 B 来探索 WPI 改善认知功能的功效。招募了 56 名年龄在 45 岁至 75 岁之间的中度维生素 B 缺乏参与者（55%为女性）参与这项随机对照交叉试验。参与者（55%为女性）连续八周食用 50 克乳清（WPI；活性）或大豆蛋白分离物（SPI；对照）。在 16 周的洗脱期后，他们会食用另一种补充剂。WPI 的摄入显著改善了活性 B 和叶酸的状态，但并没有直接改善认知功能。然而，SPI 组的女性在反应时间（=0.02）和推理速度（=0.04）方面有改善的迹象。进一步的分析表明，WPI 治疗期间活性 B、HcY 和叶酸测量的变化与认知功能的改善相关（所有 P 值均<0.05）。结果表明，WPI 本身并不能改善认知功能，但发现 SPI 对女性有一定的益处。然而，与先前的研究一致，我们提供了更多证据表明，活性 B、HcY 和叶酸在支持低维生素 B 状态成年人认知功能改善方面发挥作用。
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