Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, I-25123 Brescia, Italy.
AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, I-25123 Brescia, Italy.
Nutrients. 2020 Aug 23;12(9):2548. doi: 10.3390/nu12092548.
To review currently available evidence on the effect of cow-milk proteins supplementation (CPS) on health in the elderly.
Five electronic databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched for studies about CPS among older people. All types of publications were included, with the exception of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, opinion letters, editorials, case reports, conference abstracts and comments. An additional search in Google Scholar and a manual review of the reference lists were performed.
Overall, 103 studies were included. Several studies explored the role of CPS in the preservation or improvement of muscle mass among healthy subjects (40 studies) and pre-frail, frail or sarcopenic patients (14), with evidence of beneficial effects. Other studies assessed the effect of CPS on bones (12), cardiovascular disease (8), inflamm-aging (7), chronic pulmonary disease (4), neurocognitive function (4), and vaccines (2), with weak evidence of positive effects. Seven studies in the field of protein metabolism investigated the role of CPS as an important contributor to nutritional needs. Other investigational areas are considered in the last five studies.
The beneficial effects of CPS in achieving aged-related nutritional goals, in preserving muscle mass and in recovering after hospitalization may be particularly relevant in the elderly.
综述目前关于牛奶蛋白补充（CPS）对老年人健康影响的证据。
检索了 5 个电子数据库（Pubmed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、ClinicalTrials.gov）中关于老年人 CPS 的研究。纳入所有类型的出版物，除系统评价、荟萃分析、意见信、社论、病例报告、会议摘要和评论。在 Google Scholar 上进行了额外的搜索，并对参考文献进行了手动审查。
共纳入 103 项研究。一些研究探索了 CPS 在维持或改善健康受试者（40 项研究）和虚弱前期、虚弱或肌肉减少症患者（14 项研究）肌肉量方面的作用，有证据表明有有益的效果。其他研究评估了 CPS 对骨骼（12 项研究）、心血管疾病（8 项研究）、炎症性衰老（7 项研究）、慢性肺部疾病（4 项研究）、神经认知功能（4 项研究）和疫苗（2 项研究）的影响，其积极影响的证据较弱。在蛋白质代谢领域的 7 项研究调查了 CPS 作为满足营养需求的重要因素的作用。最后五项研究中考虑了其他研究领域。
CPS 在实现与年龄相关的营养目标、维持肌肉量和在住院后恢复方面的有益作用，可能在老年人中尤为重要。
