Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne (CEVDM), Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada, J1K 2R1.
Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne (CEVDM), Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada, J1K 2R1.
J Dairy Sci. 2019 May;102(5):4727-4740. doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-15272. Epub 2018 Dec 20.
Bovine mastitis affects animal health and welfare and milk production and quality, and it challenges the economic success of dairy farms. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most commonly found pathogens in clinical mastitis but it also causes subclinical, persistent, and difficult-to-treat intramammary infections. Because of the failure of conventional antibiotic treatments and increasing pressure and concern from experts and consumers over the use of antibiotics in the dairy industry, many attempts have been made over the years to develop a vaccine for the prevention and control of Staph. aureus intramammary infections. Still, no commercially available vaccine formulation demonstrates sufficient protection and cost-effective potential. Multiple factors account for the lack of protection, including inadequate vaccine targets, high diversity among mastitis-provoking strains, cow-to-cow variation in immune response, and a failure to elicit an immune response that is appropriate for protection against a highly complex pathogen. The purpose of this review is to summarize key concepts related to the pathogenesis of Staph. aureus, and its interaction with the host, as well as to describe recent vaccine development strategies for prevention and control of Staph. aureus mastitis.
奶牛乳腺炎不仅影响动物健康和福利，还会降低牛奶产量和质量，从而对奶牛场的经济效益造成挑战。金黄色葡萄球菌是临床型乳腺炎中最常见的病原体之一，但它也会引起亚临床型、持续性和难以治疗的乳腺内感染。由于常规抗生素治疗失败，以及专家和消费者对奶牛养殖业中抗生素使用的压力和担忧不断增加，多年来人们一直在尝试开发一种用于预防和控制金黄色葡萄球菌乳腺感染的疫苗。然而，目前还没有商品化的疫苗能够提供充分的保护作用和具有成本效益的潜力。缺乏保护作用的原因有很多，包括疫苗靶点不充分、引起乳腺炎的菌株具有高度多样性、牛与牛之间的免疫反应存在差异，以及未能引发针对高度复杂病原体的适当免疫反应。本文的目的是总结与金黄色葡萄球菌发病机制及其与宿主相互作用相关的关键概念，并描述最近用于预防和控制金黄色葡萄球菌乳腺炎的疫苗开发策略。
