Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Mar 1;233:283-290. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.021. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
Recycling organic wastes to arable land as fertilizers has been recognized as a sustainable utilization to reduce environmental pollution. Techniques used for the treatment of organic wastes determine their nutrient contents and thus fertilizer efficiency for agricultural applications. The current study investigated the influences of composting and carbon based materials (biochar and woody peat), on carbon and nitrogen loss in the process of agricultural wastes utilization in the soil batch experiments. The results indicated composting process significantly strengthened the organic matter mineralization, increased the carbon loss rates from 33.46-38.96% to 60.54-86.15% and the nitrogen loss rates from 5.01-22.22% to 48.64-58.16%, dominant lost as carbon dioxide (CO) and ammonia (NH) emissions. Addition of carbon based materials could effectively reduce the carbon and nitrogen loss during both composting and soil incubation process. When the composted organic wastes were used in the soil batch experiments, woody peat was more effective to reduce nitrogen loss, while biochar was more effective to control carbon loss. When organic wastes were directly fertilized to soil, biochar could effectively reduce nitrogen loss. These results suggested that fertilizing raw agricultural wastes to with carbon based materials could reduce carbon and nitrogen losses, and increased the nutrient bioavailability in soil in comparison with their farmland application after composting.
将有机废物回收再利用为农田肥料，已被认为是一种可持续的利用方式，可以减少环境污染。用于处理有机废物的技术决定了其养分含量，从而影响了农业应用中的肥料效率。本研究通过土壤批实验，调查了堆肥和碳基材料（生物炭和木本泥炭）对农业废物利用过程中碳氮损失的影响。结果表明，堆肥过程显著增强了有机质的矿化作用，使碳损失率从 33.46-38.96%增加到 60.54-86.15%，氮损失率从 5.01-22.22%增加到 48.64-58.16%，主要以二氧化碳（CO）和氨（NH）的形式排放。添加碳基材料可以有效地减少堆肥和土壤培养过程中的碳氮损失。当将堆肥后的有机废物用于土壤批实验时，木本泥炭更有效地减少氮损失，而生物炭更有效地控制碳损失。当有机废物直接施用于土壤时，生物炭可以有效地减少氮损失。这些结果表明，与堆肥后直接在农田应用相比，用碳基材料施肥处理原始农业废物可以减少碳氮损失，增加土壤中养分的生物有效性。
