Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization, Harbin, China.
Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Harbin, China.
Bioengineered. 2021 Dec;12(2):12372-12382. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2002622.
The discarding and burning of corn stalks in the fields after harvesting lead to environmental pollution and waste of resources. Composting is an effective way to disposal of the crop straws. Composting is a complex biochemical process and needs a detailed study in cold region. Hence, the succession process of bacteria and in the process of corn stalk composting in cold region was studied by 16SrRNA. diversity analysis showed that the detection results could represent the real situation. The bacterial community diversity from high to low was F50 > F90 > F0 > F10 > F20. The results of beta analysis showed that F20 and F50 had the most similar microbial structure at the phylum level, and the difference between F0 and F20 was the largest. The dominant microbes changed from and in F0 in heating stage to and and in F10 during early high temperature stage, and and in cooling and post composting phases. and were the dominant bacteria in the whole composting process. In the composting process, the microbial community was mainly involved in amino acid metabolism related to nitrogen transformation and carbohydrate metabolism related to lignocellulose degradation. Lignin and hemicellulose were mainly degraded in thermophilic stage. The conversion of nitrogen and degradation of cellulose occurred mainly in the early stages of composting. The research will be helpful to understand the biochemical process of composting in cold region.
收获后在田间丢弃和焚烧玉米秸秆会导致环境污染和资源浪费。堆肥是处理农作物秸秆的有效方法。堆肥是一个复杂的生化过程，需要在寒冷地区进行详细研究。因此，本研究采用 16SrRNA 对寒冷地区玉米秸秆堆肥过程中细菌的演替过程进行了研究。多样性分析表明，检测结果能够代表真实情况。细菌群落多样性从高到低依次为 F50 > F90 > F0 > F10 > F20。β分析结果表明，F20 和 F50 在门水平上具有最相似的微生物结构，而 F0 和 F20 之间的差异最大。在加热阶段，F0 中的优势微生物从 和 变为 F10 中的 和 ，在冷却和后堆肥阶段变为 和 。 和 是整个堆肥过程中的优势细菌。在堆肥过程中，微生物群落主要参与与氮转化相关的氨基酸代谢和与木质纤维素降解相关的碳水化合物代谢。木质素和半纤维素主要在高温阶段降解。氮的转化和纤维素的降解主要发生在堆肥的早期阶段。本研究将有助于了解寒冷地区堆肥的生化过程。
