Department of Education. University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Department of Physical Education and Special Motility, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania.
Nutrients. 2018 Dec 22;11(1):30. doi: 10.3390/nu11010030.
The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is one of the healthiest dietary models worldwide, being an essential mean of preventing pathologies along with the practice of physical activity. Through a comparative study carried out across different countries, it has been demonstrated how this type of habits vary depending on the geographical context. The aim of this research was to evaluate the adherence to MD and its relationships with motivational climate in sport on a sample of university students from Spain and Romania; Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of university students [specialization: Physical Education ( = 605; 20.71 ± 2.42 years old)], using as main instruments the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) for students and adolescents and the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2); Results: It was shown that students from Spain had a high adherence to the MD (6.65 ± 2.63 vs. 5.06 ± 1.31). Spanish university students got higher scores in task-oriented motivational climate (4.03 ± 0.62 vs. 3.11 ± 0.55) while ego-oriented climate was higher in university students from Romania (3.24 ± 0.54 vs. 2.07 ± 0.75). Finally, it was observed that the task-oriented motivational climate was related to a lower adherence to MD in Spanish students (4.49 ± 0.37 vs. 3.98 ± 0.62). In contrast, in Romanian youth, a medium adherence to the MD was associated with higher scores for the ego-oriented motivational climate (3.27 ± 0.53 vs. 3.00 ± 0.54); Conclusions: As main conclusions, it was shown that the students from Spain had a high adherence to the MD. In addition, it has been demonstrated that ego-oriented climates are linked to a better adherence to MD, especially due to the importance of following a proper diet in sport contexts, as demonstrated by young Romanians.
地中海饮食（MD）是全球最健康的饮食模式之一，是预防疾病的重要手段，同时也是进行体育锻炼的重要方式。通过在不同国家进行的比较研究，已经证明了这种习惯因地理背景而异。本研究旨在评估 MD 的依从性及其与运动中激励氛围的关系，研究对象为来自西班牙和罗马尼亚的大学生；方法：对大学生样本（专业：体育教育[=605；20.71±2.42 岁]）进行了横断面研究，主要采用学生和青少年地中海饮食质量指数（KIDMED）和运动感知激励氛围问卷-2（PMCSQ-2）作为主要工具；结果：结果表明，西班牙学生对 MD 的依从性较高（6.65±2.63 vs. 5.06±1.31）。与罗马尼亚学生相比，西班牙大学生在任务导向型激励氛围中得分更高（4.03±0.62 vs. 3.11±0.55），而自我导向型氛围在罗马尼亚大学生中更高（3.24±0.54 vs. 2.07±0.75）。最后，观察到任务导向型激励氛围与西班牙学生 MD 依从性较低有关（4.49±0.37 vs. 3.98±0.62）。相反，在罗马尼亚年轻人中，中等程度的 MD 依从性与自我导向型激励氛围得分较高相关（3.27±0.53 vs. 3.00±0.54）；结论：作为主要结论，表明西班牙学生对 MD 的依从性较高。此外，还证明了自我导向型氛围与更好的 MD 依从性相关，尤其是由于在运动背景下遵循适当饮食的重要性，正如罗马尼亚年轻人所证明的那样。
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