Department of Integrated Didactics, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Nov 1;15(11):2430. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15112430.
(1) Background: Several researches have shown the relationship between healthy habits and physical and mental health. Thus, it is essential to study how some psychosocial factors can promote positive behaviours in university students, specifically in those who will be teachers of Physical Education. (2) Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional research was conducted on 775 university students of Physical Education from Spain. This study aims to develop an explanatory model for the relationships between motivational climate, healthy habits (Mediterranean Diet (MD), Physical Activity (PA) and substance consumption) and some indicators of physical health (oxygen consumption (VO)) and mental health (self-concept) according to gender, using structural equations analysis. (3) Results: The motivational climate was positively associated with PA, showing a stronger relationship for ego-oriented climate in women. The adherence to MD showed a positive association with PA and self-concept, while it is negative for the consumption of tobacco in men. Likewise, PA was directly related to VO with a higher regression weight for women. The ego-oriented motivational climate was negatively related to tobacco consumption in women. (4) Conclusions: Task-oriented goals are related to more positive and healthy behaviours such as PA, although it was no association was found with MD. Therefore, we can conclude the importance of promoting task-oriented goals in educational contexts linked to Physical Education in order to avoid negative behaviours.
(1) 背景：多项研究表明健康习惯与身心健康之间存在关联。因此，研究某些社会心理因素如何促进大学生的积极行为至关重要，尤其是那些将成为体育教育教师的大学生。
(2) 方法：本研究是一项描述性和横断面研究，对象为来自西班牙的 775 名体育教育专业大学生。本研究旨在根据性别，利用结构方程分析，为动机氛围、健康习惯（地中海饮食（MD）、身体活动（PA）和物质消费）与一些身体健康指标（耗氧量（VO））和心理健康指标（自我概念）之间的关系建立解释模型。
(3) 结果：动机氛围与 PA 呈正相关，在女性中，自我取向的动机氛围与 PA 之间的关系更强。MD 的遵守与 PA 和自我概念呈正相关，而在男性中与烟草消费呈负相关。同样，PA 与 VO 呈直接相关，女性的回归权重更高。女性的自我取向动机氛围与烟草消费呈负相关。
(4) 结论：任务取向的目标与更积极和健康的行为（如 PA）相关，尽管与 MD 没有关联。因此，我们可以得出结论，在与体育教育相关的教育环境中，促进任务取向的目标非常重要，以避免负面行为。
