Yuan Y W, Shung K K
Bioengineering Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1988 Oct;84(4):1195-200. doi: 10.1121/1.396620.
Earlier studies showed that ultrasonic backscatter from erythrocytes suspended in saline is a function of hematocrit and frequency and that it can be affected by flow disturbance. The experimental data agree well with the theories. Recently, studies have been extended to flowing whole blood. The results indicated that ultrasonic backscatter from flowing whole blood differs from that from saline suspensions of erythrocytes in that it is shear-rate dependent and species dependent. In the present article, data on the dependence of ultrasonic backscatter from flowing whole blood on frequency and on fibrinogen concentration are reported. It was found that ultrasonic backscatter from flowing whole blood also depends on fibrinogen concentration when red blood cell (RBC) aggregation exists. Moreover, when the blood is under conditions that favor RBC aggregation such as low shear rates, high fibrinogen concentration, or high hematocrits, Rayleigh scattering apparently is no longer sufficient to describe its scattering behavior.
早期研究表明，悬浮在盐水中的红细胞产生的超声背向散射是血细胞比容和频率的函数，并且会受到流动干扰的影响。实验数据与理论吻合得很好。最近，研究已扩展到流动的全血。结果表明，流动全血的超声背向散射与红细胞盐水悬液的不同，在于它与剪切速率和种类有关。在本文中，报道了流动全血的超声背向散射对频率和纤维蛋白原浓度依赖性的数据。发现当存在红细胞（RBC）聚集时，流动全血的超声背向散射也取决于纤维蛋白原浓度。此外，当血液处于有利于RBC聚集的条件下，如低剪切速率、高纤维蛋白原浓度或高血细胞比容时，瑞利散射显然不再足以描述其散射行为。
