Baratta Mario, Miretti Silvia, Macchi Elisabetta, Accornero Paolo, Martignani Eugenio
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2018 Dec 26;8(1):6. doi: 10.3390/antiox8010006.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a natural byproduct of the normal metabolism of oxygen and play significant roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. Although ROS have been involved in pathological processes as diverse as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and aging, they may to exert an effect even in a physiological context. In the central nervous system, stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells are early progenitors that contain lower levels of ROS than their more mature progeny. These different concentrations have been reported to be crucial for maintaining stem cell function. Mammary gland remodeling has been proposed to be organized through the activation and regulation of cells with stemness, either considered real stem cells or primitive precursors. Given the state of oxidative stress in the mammary gland tissue induced by high milk production, in particular in highly productive dairy cows; several studies have focused on the relationship between adult mammary stem cells and the oxidative state of the gland. The oxidative state of the mammary gland appears to be involved in the initial development and metastasis of breast cancer through interference with mammary cancerous stem cells. This review summarizes some links between the mammary stem and oxidative state of the gland.
活性氧（ROS）是氧气正常代谢的天然副产品，在细胞信号传导和内环境稳态中发挥重要作用。尽管ROS参与了癌症、心血管疾病和衰老等多种病理过程，但它们甚至在生理环境中也可能发挥作用。在中枢神经系统中，干细胞和造血干细胞是早期祖细胞，其ROS水平低于它们更成熟的后代。据报道，这些不同的浓度对于维持干细胞功能至关重要。乳腺重塑被认为是通过激活和调节具有干性的细胞来组织的，这些细胞要么被视为真正的干细胞，要么是原始前体细胞。鉴于高产奶量，特别是高产奶牛的乳腺组织中存在氧化应激状态；一些研究集中在成年乳腺干细胞与乳腺氧化状态之间的关系上。乳腺的氧化状态似乎通过干扰乳腺癌干细胞参与乳腺癌的初始发展和转移。本综述总结了乳腺干细胞与乳腺氧化状态之间的一些联系。
