Milne Ginger L, Dai Qi, Roberts L Jackson
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Apr;1851(4):433-45. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.10.007. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Isoprostanes (IsoPs) are prostaglandin-like molecules generated independent of the cyclooxygenase (COX) by the free radical-induced peroxidation of arachidonic acid. The first isoprostane species discovered were isomeric to prostaglandin F2α and were thus termed F2-IsoPs. Since the initial discovery of the F2-IsoPs, IsoPs with differing ring structures have been identified as well as IsoPs from different polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexanenoic acid. The discovery of these molecules in vivo in humans has been a major contribution to the field of lipid oxidation and free radical research over the course of the past 25 years. These molecules have been determined to be both biomarkers and mediators of oxidative stress in numerous disease settings. This review focuses on recent developments in the field with an emphasis on clinical research. Special focus is given to the use of IsoPs as biomarkers in obesity, ischemia-reperfusion injury, the central nervous system, cancer, and genetic disorders. Additionally, attention is paid to diet and lifestyle factors that can affect endogenous levels of IsoPs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Oxygenated metabolism of PUFA: analysis and biological relevance."
异前列腺素（IsoPs）是一类类似前列腺素的分子，由自由基诱导花生四烯酸过氧化反应独立于环氧化酶（COX）生成。最初发现的异前列腺素种类与前列腺素F2α 异构，因此被称为F2-异前列腺素。自首次发现F2-异前列腺素以来，具有不同环结构的异前列腺素以及来自不同多不饱和脂肪酸（包括二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸）的异前列腺素也已被鉴定出来。在过去25年中，这些分子在人体中的发现对脂质氧化和自由基研究领域做出了重大贡献。在众多疾病环境中，这些分子已被确定为氧化应激的生物标志物和介质。本综述重点关注该领域的最新进展，尤其侧重于临床研究。特别关注异前列腺素在肥胖、缺血再灌注损伤、中枢神经系统、癌症和遗传疾病中作为生物标志物的应用。此外，还关注了可能影响异前列腺素内源性水平的饮食和生活方式因素。本文是名为“多不饱和脂肪酸的氧化代谢：分析与生物学意义”特刊的一部分。
