a School of Psychology , Fujian Normal University , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China.
Memory. 2019 Jul;27(6):750-757. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2018.1563188. Epub 2018 Dec 30.
Stimuli presented with targets in a detection task are later recognised more accurately than those presented with distractors, an unusual effect labelled the attentional boost effect (ABE). This effect may reflect an enhancement triggered by target detection, the inhibition of distractor rejection, or some combination of both. To test these possibilities, the present study adopted a baseline similar to that of Swallow and Jiang ([2014b]. The attentional boost effect really is a boost: evidence from a new baseline. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 76(5), 1298-1307); the goal was to separate target-induced enhancements from distractor-induced inhibition. An R/K procedure was applied to further explore the kind of memory that might be affected by target detection or distractor rejection. The results show that the memory advantage for target-paired words was robust relative to that of baseline words; this advantage was mainly observed in R responses. More importantly, a memory reduction was also observed for distractor-paired words relative to baseline words, though this reduction was only observed in R responses. These data led us to conclude that the ABE was triggered by both processes: target-induced enhancement and distractor-induced inhibition. Moreover, both processes were more likely to affect recollection-based recognition.
在检测任务中呈现带有目标的刺激后，这些刺激比呈现带有分心物的刺激被识别得更准确，这种不寻常的效应被标记为注意促进效应（ABE）。这种效应可能反映了由目标检测引发的增强、对分心物抑制的抑制，或者两者的某种组合。为了检验这些可能性，本研究采用了类似于 Swallow 和 Jiang（2014b）的基线。注意促进效应确实是一种促进：来自新基线的证据。注意力、感知和心理物理学，76（5），1298-1307）；目标是将目标诱导的增强与分心物诱导的抑制分开。应用 R/K 程序进一步探讨可能受到目标检测或分心物抑制影响的记忆类型。结果表明，相对于基线词，目标配对词的记忆优势是稳健的；这种优势主要在 R 反应中观察到。更重要的是，相对于基线词，分心物配对词的记忆也减少了，尽管这种减少仅在 R 反应中观察到。这些数据使我们得出结论，ABE 是由两个过程触发的：目标诱导的增强和分心物诱导的抑制。此外，这两个过程更有可能影响基于回忆的识别。
