Khan Wafa, Augustine Dominic, Rao Roopa S, Sowmya Samudrala Venkatesiah, Haragannavar Vanishri C, Nambiar Shwetha
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Adv Biomed Res. 2018 Nov 28;7:149. doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_135_18. eCollection 2018.
Ameloblastic carcinoma (ACA) is a malignant neoplasm with overlapping histopathological features of benign aggressive solid multicystic ameloblastoma (SMA). This often leads to misdiagnosis with direct implication on the management protocol. The need of the hour is to adopt reliable tissue biomarkers to differentiate these lesions accurately that will help to implement an appropriate treatment modality. Few studies to differentiate ACA and SMA in literature with a limitation of a single marker and lack of availability of cases have prompted us to undertake this study. Thereby, this study is aimed at resolving the diagnostic dilemma in differentiating ACA and aggressive SMA using SOX-2, OCT-4 and CD44.
Tissue samples involved 40 archival cases of histopathologically confirmed cases of ACA ( = 20) and SMA ( = 20). The sections were subjected to immunohistochemical staining using antibodies to SOX-2, OCT-4 and CD44. Nuclear staining for SOX-2 and OCT-4 and membranous reactivity for CD44 was considered positive.
The expression of SOX-2 and OCT-4 in ACA was statistically significant when compared to SMA ( < 0.001). CD44 showed an insignificant statistical value of <0.077 in differentiating ACA and SMA. SOX-2 and OCT-4 expression in ACA showed a significant correlation coefficient of 0.616 at < 0.004.
SOX-2 and OCT-4 could serve as independent novel markers in resolving the diagnostic dilemma between ACA and aggressive SMA.
成釉细胞癌（ACA）是一种恶性肿瘤，具有与良性侵袭性实性多囊性成釉细胞瘤（SMA）重叠的组织病理学特征。这常常导致误诊，对治疗方案有直接影响。当前迫切需要采用可靠的组织生物标志物来准确区分这些病变，这将有助于实施适当的治疗方式。文献中很少有研究使用单一标志物区分ACA和SMA，且病例有限，这促使我们开展这项研究。因此，本研究旨在利用SOX-2、OCT-4和CD44解决区分ACA和侵袭性SMA的诊断难题。
组织样本包括40例经组织病理学确诊的ACA（n = 20）和SMA（n = 20）存档病例。切片采用抗SOX-2、OCT-4和CD44抗体进行免疫组织化学染色。SOX-2和OCT-4的核染色以及CD44的膜反应性被视为阳性。
与SMA相比，ACA中SOX-2和OCT-4的表达具有统计学意义（P < 0.001）。CD44在区分ACA和SMA时的统计学值无显著性差异（P < 0.077）。ACA中SOX-2和OCT-4的表达在P < 0.004时显示出显著的相关系数0.616。
SOX-2和OCT-4可作为独立的新型标志物，解决ACA和侵袭性SMA之间的诊断难题。
