职业性噪声暴露与中国高血压的关系：ELEFANT 项目研究结果。
Occupational noise exposure is associated with hypertension in China: Results from project ELEFANT.
机构信息
Vocational Health College, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey.
Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2018 Dec 31;13(12):e0209041. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209041. eCollection 2018.
OBJECTIVES
We investigated the association between occupational noise exposure and the risk of elevated blood pressure and hypertension by stage in young adults.
METHODS
We utilized 124,286 young adults (18-40 years) from the Project ELEFANT study. We categorized occupational noise exposure as high (75 dBA noise exposure for more than 4 hours per day) or low, and measured blood pressure (mmHg) and categorized participants by hypertension stage (normal, elevated, Stage 1, Stage 2). We applied adjusted logistic regression models to identify associations with hypertension risk, and we further examined the noise-BMI, noise-gender, and noise-residence interactions on hypertension risk in separate models.
RESULTS
High occupational noise exposure was associated with increases in blood pressure among participants with elevated blood pressure (Estimate = 0.23, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.46, p = 0.0009), in Stage 1 hypertension (Estimate = 0.15, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.25, p = 0.0008), and in Stage 2 hypertension (Estimate = 0.41 95% CI: 1.31, 1.73, p<0.0001). Likewise, noise exposure-BMI interaction was consistently positively associated with increases in blood pressure in participants with elevated blood pressure (Estimate = 0.71, 95% CI: 1.55, 2.69, p<0.0001), in Stage 1 hypertension (Estimate = 0.78, 95% CI: 1.82, 2.61, p<0.0001), and in Stage 2 hypertension (Estimate = 2.06, 95% CI: 5.64, 10.81, p<0.0001). The noise exposure-male interaction showed higher risk for hypertension compared to the noise exposure-female interaction in participants with elevated blood pressure (Estimate = 1.24, 95% CI: 2.56, 4.71, p<0.0001), Stage 1 (Estimate = 1.67, 95% CI: 4.34, 6.42, p<0.0001) and Stage 2 hypertension (Estimate = 1.70, 95% CI: 3.86, 7.77, p<0.0001). Finally, we found that noise exposure-urban interaction was consistently associated with an increase in blood pressure in elevated blood pressure (Estimate = 0.32, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.62, p<0.0001) and in Stage 2 hypertension (Estimate = 0.44, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.80, p<0.0001).
目的
我们研究了职业噪声暴露与年轻成年人高血压和高血压阶段风险之间的关系。
方法
我们利用 ELEFANT 研究中的 124286 名年轻成年人（18-40 岁）。我们将职业噪声暴露分为高（每天 75 dBA 噪声暴露超过 4 小时）或低，并测量血压（mmHg），并根据高血压阶段（正常、升高、1 期、2 期）对参与者进行分类。我们应用调整后的逻辑回归模型来确定与高血压风险的关联，并在单独的模型中进一步研究噪声-BMI、噪声-性别和噪声-居住相互作用对高血压风险的影响。
结果
职业噪声暴露与血压升高的参与者的血压升高有关（估计值=0.23，95%置信区间：1.09，1.46，p=0.0009），在 1 期高血压（估计值=0.15，95%置信区间：1.06，1.25，p=0.0008）和 2 期高血压（估计值=0.41，95%置信区间：1.31，1.73，p<0.0001）。同样，噪声暴露-BMI 相互作用与血压升高的参与者的血压升高呈一致的正相关（估计值=0.71，95%置信区间：1.55，2.69，p<0.0001），在 1 期高血压（估计值=0.78，95%置信区间：1.82，2.61，p<0.0001）和 2 期高血压（估计值=2.06，95%置信区间：5.64，10.81，p<0.0001）。与噪声暴露-女性相互作用相比，噪声暴露-男性相互作用显示出在血压升高的参与者中高血压的风险更高（估计值=1.24，95%置信区间：2.56，4.71，p<0.0001），1 期（估计值=1.67，95%置信区间：4.34，6.42，p<0.0001）和 2 期高血压（估计值=1.70，95%置信区间：3.86，7.77，p<0.0001）。最后，我们发现噪声暴露-城市相互作用与血压升高（估计值=0.32，95%置信区间：1.19，1.62，p<0.0001）和 2 期高血压（估计值=0.44，95%置信区间：1.31，1.80，p<0.0001）的血压升高呈一致的相关性。
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