Chen Shuchang, Ni Yaqin, Zhang Lei, Kong Liya, Lu Luying, Yang Zhangping, Yang Luoxian, Zhang Xuhui, Zhu Yimin
Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, 388 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, People's Republic of China.
BMC Public Health. 2017 Jan 23;17(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4050-0.
Hypertension is the primary out-auditory adverse outcome caused due to occupational noise exposure. This study investigated the associations of noise exposure in an occupational setting with blood pressure and risk of hypertension.
A total of 1,390 occupational noise-exposed workers and 1399 frequency matched non-noise-exposed subjects were recruited from a cross-sectional survey of occupational noise-exposed and the general population, respectively. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer following a standard protocol. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of noise exposure adjusted by potential confounders.
Noise-exposed subjects had significantly higher levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP) (125.1 ± 13.9 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (77.6 ± 10.7 mm Hg) than control subjects (SBP: 117.2 ± 15.7 mm Hg, DBP: 70.0 ± 10.5 mm Hg) (P < 0.001). Significant correlations were found between noise exposure and blood pressure (SBP and DBP) (P < 0.001). However, the linear regression coefficients with DBP appeared larger than those with SBP. The prevalence of hypertension was 17.8% in subjects with noise exposure and 9.0% in control group (P < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the subjects with noise exposure had the risk of hypertension with an OR of 1.941 (95% CI = 1.471- 2.561) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, and drinking status. Dose-response relationships were found between noise intensity, years of noise exposure, cumulative noise exposure and the risk of hypertension (all P values < 0.05). No significant difference was found between subjects wearing an earplug and those not wearing an earplug, and between steady and unsteady noise categories (P > 0.05).
Occupational noise exposure was associated with higher levels of SBP, DBP, and the risk of hypertension. These findings indicate that effective and feasible measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of hypertension caused by occupational noise exposure.
高血压是职业性噪声暴露导致的主要非听觉不良后果。本研究调查了职业环境中的噪声暴露与血压及高血压风险之间的关联。
分别从职业噪声暴露人群和普通人群的横断面调查中招募了1390名职业性噪声暴露工人和1399名频率匹配的非噪声暴露受试者。按照标准方案使用汞柱式血压计测量血压。采用多因素logistic回归计算经潜在混杂因素校正后的噪声暴露比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
噪声暴露受试者的收缩压（SBP）（125.1±13.9 mmHg）和舒张压（DBP）（77.6±10.7 mmHg）水平显著高于对照组受试者（SBP：117.2±15.7 mmHg，DBP：70.0±10.5 mmHg）（P<0.001）。发现噪声暴露与血压（SBP和DBP）之间存在显著相关性（P<0.001）。然而，与DBP的线性回归系数似乎大于与SBP的线性回归系数。噪声暴露受试者的高血压患病率为17.8%，对照组为9.0%（P<0.001）。在调整年龄、性别、吸烟和饮酒状况后，与对照组相比，噪声暴露受试者患高血压的风险OR为1.941（95%CI=1.471-2.561）。发现噪声强度、噪声暴露年限、累积噪声暴露与高血压风险之间存在剂量反应关系（所有P值<0.05）。佩戴耳塞的受试者与未佩戴耳塞的受试者之间，以及稳态噪声和非稳态噪声类别之间均未发现显著差异（P>0.05）。
职业性噪声暴露与较高水平的SBP、DBP及高血压风险相关。这些发现表明应采取有效可行的措施以降低职业性噪声暴露导致的高血压风险。
