Delange F
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Département de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Saint-Pierre, Belgique.
Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 1988;49(4-5):302-5.
The main cause of endemic and sporadic goiter is a deficiency in the dietary supply of iodine. However, iodine deficiency is not the only cause of goiter. This paper reviews present knowledge on the role of naturally occurring goitrogens in the etiology of goiter. Vegetables from the Cruciferae family, chronic consumption of poorly detoxified cassava containing large amounts of cyanogenic glucosides, flavonoids, humic substances originating from the organic residues in the soil are clearly involved in the etiology of endemic goiter. Iodine excess, especially in the newborn infants, lithium and thiocyanate overload resulting from smoking habits can be responsible for the development of goiter in non endemic areas.
地方性和散发性甲状腺肿的主要原因是饮食中碘供应不足。然而，碘缺乏并非甲状腺肿的唯一原因。本文综述了关于天然存在的致甲状腺肿物质在甲状腺肿病因学中作用的现有知识。十字花科蔬菜、长期食用大量含氰苷且解毒不佳的木薯、源自土壤中有机残留物的黄酮类化合物、腐殖质显然都与地方性甲状腺肿的病因有关。碘摄入过量，尤其是在新生儿中，以及吸烟习惯导致的锂和硫氰酸盐过量，可能是非地方性地区甲状腺肿发生的原因。
