Abbas Mohammed, Alkaff Mohammed, Jilani Asim, Alsehli Haneen, Damiati Laila, Kotb Mamdooh, Abdelwahed Moahmmed, Alghamdi Fahad, Kalamegam Gauthaman
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, PO BOX 80216, Jeddah, 21589 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
2Sheikh Salem Bin Mahfouz Scientific Chair for Treatment of Osteoarthritis by Stem Cells, King Abdulaziz University, PO BOX 80216, Jeddah, 21589 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2018 Jul 13;15(5):661-671. doi: 10.1007/s13770-018-0131-0. eCollection 2018 Oct.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or biological scaffolds have been used to regenerate articular cartilage with variable success. In the present study we evaluated cartilage regeneration using a combination of bone marrow (BM)-MSCs, Hyalofast and/or native cartilage tissue following full thickness surgical cartilage defect in rabbits.
Full-thickness surgical ablation of the medial-tibial cartilage was performed in New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits. Control rabbits (Group-I) received no treatment; Animals in other groups were treated as follows. Group-II: BM-MSCs (1 × 10 cells) + Hyalofast; Group-III: BMMSCs (1 × 10 cells) + cartilage pellet (CP); and Group-IV: BM-MSCs (1 × 10 cells) + Hyalofast + CP. Animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks and cartilage regeneration analyzed using histopathology, International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS-II) score, magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score and biomechanical studies.
Gross images showed good tissue repair (Groups IV > III > Group II) and histology demonstrated intact superficial layer, normal chondrocyte arrangement, tidemark and cartilage matrix staining (Groups III and IV) compared to the untreated control (Group I) respectively. ICRS-II score was 52.5, 65.0, 66 and 75% (Groups I-IV) and the MOCART score was 50.0, 73.75 and 76.25 (Groups II-IV) respectively. Biomechanical properties of the regenerated cartilage tissue in Group IV closed resembled that of a normal cartilage.
Hyalofast together with BM-MSCs and CP led to efficient cartilage regeneration following full thickness surgical ablation of tibial articular cartilage in rabbits. Presence of hyaluronic acid in the scaffold and native microenvironment cues probably facilitated differentiation and integration of BM-MSCs.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）和/或生物支架已被用于关节软骨再生，但效果各异。在本研究中，我们评估了在兔全层手术性软骨缺损后，联合使用骨髓（BM）-MSCs、Hyalofast和/或天然软骨组织进行软骨再生的情况。
对新西兰白兔进行内侧胫骨软骨的全层手术切除。对照组兔子（第一组）不接受治疗；其他组动物的治疗如下。第二组：BM-MSCs（1×10个细胞）+Hyalofast；第三组：BM-MSCs（1×10个细胞）+软骨颗粒（CP）；第四组：BM-MSCs（1×10个细胞）+Hyalofast+CP。在12周时处死动物，使用组织病理学、国际软骨修复协会（ICRS-II）评分、软骨修复组织的磁共振观察（MOCART）评分和生物力学研究分析软骨再生情况。
大体图像显示组织修复良好（第四组>第三组>第二组），组织学显示与未治疗的对照组（第一组）相比，第三组和第四组分别有完整的表层、正常的软骨细胞排列、潮标和软骨基质染色。ICRS-II评分分别为52.5%、65.0%、66%和75%（第一至四组），MOCART评分分别为50.0、73.75和76.25（第二至四组）。第四组再生软骨组织的生物力学特性与正常软骨非常相似。
在兔胫骨关节软骨全层手术切除后，Hyalofast联合BM-MSCs和CP可有效促进软骨再生。支架中透明质酸的存在和天然微环境信号可能促进了BM-MSCs的分化和整合。
