Yingfang Ao, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China.
Am J Sports Med. 2014 Mar;42(3):583-91. doi: 10.1177/0363546513518415. Epub 2014 Feb 4.
Cartilage repair still presents a challenge to clinicians and researchers alike. A more effective, simpler procedure that can produce hyaline-like cartilage is needed for articular cartilage repair.
A technique combining microfracture with a biomaterial scaffold of perforated decalcified cortical-cancellous bone matrix (DCCBM; composed of cortical and cancellous parts) would create a 1-step procedure for hyaline-like cartilage repair.
Controlled laboratory study.
For the in vitro portion of this study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from bone marrow aspirates of New Zealand White rabbits. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy, and 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue assay were used to assess the attachment, proliferation, and cartilage matrix production of MSCs grown on a DCCBM scaffold. For the in vivo experiment, full-thickness defects were produced in the articular cartilage of the trochlear groove of 45 New Zealand White rabbits, and the rabbits were then assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: perforated DCCBM combined with microfracture (DCCBM+M group), perforated DCCBM alone (DCCBM group), and microfracture alone (M group). Five rabbits in each group were sacrificed at 6, 12, or 24 weeks after the operation, and the repair tissues were analyzed by histological examination, assessment of matrix staining, SEM, and nanoindentation of biomechanical properties.
The DCCBM+M group showed hyaline-like articular cartilage repair, and the repair tissues appeared to have better matrix staining and revealed biomechanical properties close to those of the normal cartilage. Compared with the DCCBM+M group, there was unsatisfactory repair tissues with less matrix staining in the DCCBM group and no matrix staining in the M group, as well as poor integration with normal cartilage and poor biomechanical properties.
The DCCBM scaffold is suitable for MSC growth and hyaline-like cartilage repair induction when combined with microfracture.
Microfracture combined with a DCCBM scaffold is a promising method that can be performed and adopted into clinical treatment for articular cartilage injuries.
软骨修复仍然是临床医生和研究人员面临的挑战。关节软骨修复需要一种更有效、更简单的方法，可以产生类透明软骨。
将微骨折与穿孔脱钙皮质-松质骨基质（DCCBM；由皮质和松质两部分组成）的生物材料支架相结合的技术将为类透明软骨修复创造一个 1 步程序。
对照实验室研究。
在这项研究的体外部分，从新西兰白兔的骨髓抽吸物中分离间充质干细胞（MSCs）。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、共聚焦显微镜和 1,9-二甲基亚甲蓝测定法用于评估在 DCCBM 支架上生长的 MSCs 的附着、增殖和软骨基质产生。对于体内实验，在 45 只新西兰白兔滑车沟的关节软骨中产生全层缺损，然后将兔子分为 3 个治疗组之一：穿孔 DCCBM 与微骨折结合（DCCBM+M 组）、穿孔 DCCBM 单独（DCCBM 组）和微骨折单独（M 组）。每组 5 只兔子在手术后 6、12 或 24 周时处死，通过组织学检查、基质染色评估、SEM 和生物力学性能纳米压痕分析来分析修复组织。
DCCBM+M 组显示出类透明关节软骨修复，修复组织的基质染色似乎更好，并且显示出接近正常软骨的生物力学性能。与 DCCBM+M 组相比，DCCBM 组的修复组织基质染色较少，M 组无基质染色，与正常软骨结合不良，生物力学性能较差。
当与微骨折结合时，DCCBM 支架适合 MSC 生长和类透明软骨修复诱导。
微骨折联合 DCCBM 支架是一种有前途的方法，可以用于关节软骨损伤的临床治疗。
