Institute for the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Ulm University, Parkstraße 11, 89073, Ulm, Germany.
Sci Eng Ethics. 2020 Feb;26(1):127-139. doi: 10.1007/s11948-018-0076-7. Epub 2019 Jan 2.
German medical schools have not yet sufficiently introduced students to the field of good scientific practice (GSP). In order to prevent scientific misconduct and to foster scientific integrity, courses on GSP must be an integral part of the curriculum of medical students. Based on a review of the literature, teaching units and materials for two courses on GSP were developed and tested in a pilot course. The pilot course was accompanied by a pre-post evaluation that assessed students' knowledge and attitudes towards scientific integrity and scientific misconduct. A syllabus was designed that comprised the following six topics: theoretical foundations of GSP; scientific publishing; empirical data; scientific supervision and teamwork; clinical research; personal interests. The comparison pre versus post-intervention yielded statistically significant changes in regard to the participants' knowledge and attitude toward all forms of scientific misconduct treated in the course. As the majority of participants was not familiar with the fundamental regulations or guidelines of GSP, it seems crucial to train students in actively applying such norms to real-world conflicts. Students' unfamiliarity with the fundamentals of GSP can be linked to the fact that many students have already experienced forms of scientific misconduct. Thus, GSP syllabi should be closely adjusted to a student's realm of experience. All in all, courses on GSP can be seen as a potential means to increase the number of young scholars.
德国的医学院校尚未充分让学生了解良好科研实践（GSP）领域。为了防止科研不当行为并培养科研诚信，GSP 课程必须成为医学生课程的一个组成部分。基于文献回顾，我们开发并在试点课程中测试了两门 GSP 课程的教学单元和材料。试点课程伴随着预-后评估，评估学生对科研诚信和科研不当行为的知识和态度。设计了一份教学大纲，包括以下六个主题：GSP 的理论基础；科学出版；实证数据；科学监督和团队合作；临床研究；个人利益。干预前后的比较显示，参与者对课程中涉及的所有形式的科研不当行为的知识和态度都发生了统计学上的显著变化。由于大多数参与者不熟悉 GSP 的基本规定或准则，因此似乎必须培训学生积极将这些规范应用于现实世界中的冲突。学生对 GSP 基础知识的不熟悉可能与许多学生已经经历过科研不当行为的事实有关。因此，GSP 教学大纲应紧密结合学生的经验领域进行调整。总之，GSP 课程可以被视为增加年轻学者数量的一种潜在手段。
